Summary: Neuropsychology Of Dysfunction | Vrije Universiteit
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1 NCD 1
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1.1 Neuropsychiatry
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What is Neuropsychiatry compared to neighboring disciplines?
Psychiatry = studies psychopathological phenomeno, symptoms of abnormal states of mind.Psychiatry = causes of mental disorders, gives their description, predicts their future course and outcome, looks for prevention of their appearance and presents ways of their treatmentPsychopathology= symptoms of mental disorders -
1.2.3.1 Qualitative
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TYPES OF DELUSIONS- According to THEME
a) paranoid / persecutorydel of reference, jealousy, control, or concerns possession of thoughtb) megalomanic (grandiose, expansive)del of power, worth, noble origin, supernatural skills and strength, amorousc) depressive (micromanic, melancholic)del of guilt, worthlessness, nihilistic, hypocondriacald) concerning the possession of thoughts- t. insertion / withdrawal / broadcasting -
TYPES OF DELUSIONS - According to ONSET
a) primary (mood, perception)b) secondary (sytematized)c) shared (folie a deux) -
1.2.3.2 Quantitative
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Quantitative (formal) dys of thinking
- pressure of thought- poverty of T- T blocking- flight of ideas- perseveration- loosening of associations- word salad / incoherent thinking- neologisms -
1.3 Schizophrenia
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Levels of Cog Dysf in Schizophrenia
Severe: Dysfunctional sustained attention, working mem, episodic mem for verbal learning, processing speedModerate: Dysf in manual dexterity, selective attention, episodic spatial mem, delayed recall, procedural mem, executive functions, verbal fluencyMild: LT factual mem, perceptual skills, delayed recognition, naming -
Treatment of Cog Dysf in Schizophrenia
- Cog remediation quite effective- failure: cholinesterase inhib, SSRI, antidepressants and glutamatergic agents -
Cognitive Impairments in Schiz
- Social abnormalities- Prodormal cog dysfunction.Espec, verbal memory and olfactory function (subpsychotic symptoms) attentional and working mem dysfunction- First psychotic episodeno progressive change immediately after onset till quite later in life- cog impair after 1st episode ressemble consequences of static encephalopathy- repeated psychosis in treatment-resistant patients = progressive cognitive decline- prodrome SZ more sign cog deficits than in BP -
1.5.1 Depressive Episode - Cognitive Symptoms
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Moderate Depressive Episode
4 or more+greater severityconsiderable difficulty -
Mild Depressive Episodes
2 or 3 or the ICD symptomsdepressed moodanhedoniaincr. fatigabilitydistressed by sympt.some difficulty in continuing ordinary work and social activities -
Severe Depressive Episode without Psychotic Symptoms
- considerable distress or agitation- loss of self esteem- feelings of uselessness or guilt- somatic sympt- suicidal risk increased
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Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
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With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
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I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
