Multiple Choice Answers
27 important questions on Multiple Choice Answers
Q1. According to Aristotle how did the psyche interact with the material body?
a) Via the brain
b) Via the pineal body
c) Via the heart
d) Via the corpus callosum
(taken from Lecture 1)
Q2. Which two statements characterise the Phrenological theory?
a) Different areas of the brain have different properties
b) The shape of the skull betrays the shape of the underlying brain
c) The different areas of the human cortex represent different
character traits
d) The extent of criminal impulse is related to the size of the lateral
ventricles
c) The different areas of the human cortex represent different
character traits
(taken from Lecture 1)
Q3. What function did Galen attribute to the cerebellum?
a) Vision
b) Movement control
c) Tactile sensation
d) Imagination
(taken from Lecture 1)
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Q4. Why did Flouren fail to localise specific functions within the cortex, leading him to conclude that higher order cognitive processes are represented diffusely in the brain?
a) He was creating lesions in animals
b) He was lesioning the wrong part of the brain
c) He failed to test his ideas, instead just hypothesising
d) The people he tested were not representative of the population as a whole
(taken from Lecture 1)
Q5. Match the names of the scientists to their discoveries/fields
Scientist: Broca, Brodmann, Flouren, Galvani, Goldstein
Discoveries/fields: Experimental localisationism, Electrical nerve stimulation, Clinical human lesion method, Cortical cytoarchitectonics, Gestaltism
Brodmann ---> Cortical cytoarchitectonics
Flouren ---> Experimental localisationism
Galvani ---> Electrical nerve stimulation
Goldstein ---> Gestaltism
(taken from Lecture 1)
Q6. What elements did Luria’s theory of the brain encompass? Select all that apply.
a) Cardiac hypothesis
b) Dualism
c) Equipotentiality
d) Localisationism
d) Localisationism
(taken from Lecture 1)
Q9. Which of these is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid:
a) Acts as a shock-absorber
b) Cools the brain
c) Aids buoyancy
d) Maintains chemical stability
(taken from Lecture 2)
Q10. Which of the following is the primary function of the basal ganglia?
a) Memory
b) Language production
c) Emotion regulation
d) Motor control
(taken from Lecture 2)
Q11. What is the structure indicated by the arrow?
a) Superior colliculus
b) Cingulate cortex
c) Corpus callosum
d) Inferior colliculus
(taken from Lecture 2)
Q13. Which of the given scenarios provide an example of a double-dissociation?
a) Patient Smith suffers from profound memory disorder after damage to his
hippocampus
b) Patient Smith suffers from declarative but not implicit memory disorder
after damage to the hippocampus.
c) Patient Smith suffers from declarative but not implicit memory disorder
after damage to the hippocampus. Patient Miller has intact declarative
memory, but impaired implicit memory after parietal damage.
d) Patient Smith has damaged hippocampus but spared amygdala and
suffers from selective deficit of declarative memory.
after damage to the hippocampus. Patient Miller has intact declarative
memory, but impaired implicit memory after parietal damage.
(taken from Lecture 3)
Q14. Which of the following are limitations associated with EEG? Select all that apply.
a) Invasive
b) Poor spatial resolution
c) Correlation only can be inferred
d) Poor temporal resolution
c) Correlation only can be inferred
(Taken from Lecture 3)
Q15. Which of the listed answers refer to problems in the interpretation of human lesion studies?
a) Diaschisis
b) Diabetis
c) Plasticity
d) Herniation
e) Dissociation
f) Anosognosia
c) Plasticity
(taken from Lecture 3)
Q16. What is diaschisis?
a) Lesion of area X may cause functional disruption of remote
area Y
b) Metabolic disorder of diaschitic brain nuclei
c) Reorganisation of brain in response to brain damage
d) Pattern of deficits, whereby damage to one area causes deficit
in one sensory modality (e.g. vision) but not in others (e.g.
hearing, taste etc.).
area Y
(taken from Lecture 3)
Q17. Which of the following statements relate to the lesion method, and which relate to functional imaging?
a) ...identify the network of brain structures that are involved in a certain cognitive function.
b) ...identify which brain structures are necessary for a certain cognitive function.
c) ...have been around for more than 100 years.
d) ...require a wise choice of control conditions.
b) Lesion
c) Lesion
d) Imaging
(taken from Lecture 3)
Q18. Which of the following statements is an example of the Task Demand Artefact, a limitation associated with single dissociations?
a) Performance on task X was affected more than task Y since the task
X is more difficult
b) Performance on task X was affected more than task Y since the task
X is less difficult
c) Performance on task X was affected more than task Y since the
participant enjoyed completing task Y more
d) Performance on task X was affected more than task Y since the
participant did not fully understand the instructions for task X
participant did not fully understand the instructions for task X
(taken from Lecture 3)
Q19. Which of these is a definition of the pure insertion assumption, associated with fMRI?
a) All factors are linearly additive, and adding an extra component does
not affect the operation of other components
b) All factors interact continuously, and adding one component will have
consequences for all other processes
c) Activity associated with one particular component of a task can be
determined by examining the activity of two tasks which share that
component and look for areas of overlap in activation
d) Cake
not affect the operation of other components
(taken from lecture 3)
Q23. Which of the following is a common cause of bitemporal hemianopia?
a) Ischaemic stroke affecting the posterior cerebral artery
b) Traumatic brain injury
c) Pituitary tumour
d) Subarachnoid haemorrhage resulting from an aneurysm
(taken from Lecture 4)
Q24. Which tasks are impaired in pure cerebral achromatopsia?
a) Naming of non-colour
b) Colour perimetry
c) Naming of colour
d) Naming of colour for known object (i.e. lemon)
c) Naming of colour
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q25. With which brain area is achromatopsia related?
a) V4
b) V1
c) V5
d) V2
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q26. Which of the following tasks is an appropriate measure for the assessment of achromatopsia?
a) Blumberg Test of Colour
b) Visual Object and Spatial Perception battery
c) Biological Movement Perception test
d) Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q27. Why should colour naming not be used to assess achromatopsia?
a) Because patients with cognitive deficits such as anomia
may fail to name colours despite normal colour perception
b) Because patients with achromatopsia have normal colour perception
c) Because colour naming is too easy and all patients will
perform well on the task regardless of their brain damage
d) Because there is no one brain area which when damaged will lead to
problems in colour naming
may fail to name colours despite normal colour perception
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q28. What does cerebral achromatopsia tell us about visual processing?
a) That there is a specific part of the brain responsible for the processing of
colour
b) That there is a specific part of the brain responsible for the processing of
motion
c) That there is a specific part of the brain responsible for the processing of
shape
d) That there is a specific part of the brain responsible for the processing of sounds
a) That there is a specific part of the brain responsible for the processing of
colour
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q29. What everyday activities would someone with achromatopsia find difficult?
a) Picking ripe fruit by sight alone
b) Differentiating between orange juice and grapefruit juice
by sight alone
c) Painting a picture
d) All of the above
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q30. Which of the following is an example of colour cognition?
a) Matching two coloured squares
b) Picking a coloured chip that is the same as a lemon
c) Picking a banana as a fruit that would be the same colour as a lemon
d) Reading coloured word names aloud
Q31. Which of these areas most closely matches the description of the location of V4?
a) Dorsolateral occipito-parietal cortex
b) Ventromedial temporo-parietal cortex
c) Lateral occipital cortex
d) Ventromedial occipito-temporal cortex
---> it's in the middle of the brain, which means it's hard to get to/ measure using methods such as TMS which have a limited depth of TMS
(see Q32)
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q32. Why is it difficult to disrupt colour processing using TMS?
a) Limited stimulation depth of TMS
b) Too many areas of the brain are responsible for processing colour, and TMS cannot interfere with them all at the same time
c) V4 is right on the surface of the brain and TMS cannot
stimulate this
d) V4 is too small to be affected by TMS
(taken from Lecture 5)
Q33. Which of these is another name for peripheral achromatopsia?
a) Cone multichromatism
b) Rod monochromatism
c) Cone monochromatism
d) Rod multichromatism
(taken from Lecture 5)
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