Summary: Neuroscience. | 9780878936977 | Dale Purves

Read the summary and the most important questions on Neuroscience. | 9780878936977 | edited by Dale Purves ... [et al.].

• 1 Studying the Nervous System

• 1.3 "Model" Organisms in Neuroscience

• Why do we use different animals for studying the nervous system? Which animals do we examine?

  All used animals have their own benefits and asssumptions.
  

  - Worm

  - Fruitfly

  - Zebra fish

  - Mice

• 1.4 The Cellular Components of the Nervous System

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• What is the 'neuron doctrine'? (Sherrington, Golgi, Cajal)

  Neurons form a continuous nerve cell network

• Name some methods that were used to study the nervous system.

  First they used the light microscope and stained neurons with silver salt to study the nervous system. Later in the 1950's when the electric microscope appeared the research became clearer

• 1.6 Neuroglial Cells

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• Name the function of glial cells.

  - Recovery and development of neuronal networks

  - Maintaining the ionic milieu of neurons

• Where are Schwann cell located? In the periphery of CNS?

  Schwann cells are nerve cells which are myelinated (enveloped by glia cell) and are located in the periphery

• What can be concluded out of the fact that the axons of interneurons are short?

  Interneurons only participate in the local aspects of the circuit

• 1.7 Cellular Diversity in the Nervous System

• What is the Nissl method?

  A method of staining the nervous system (blue) such stains demonstrate that the size, density and distriution of the total population of nerve cells is not uniform from region to region.

• What can be observed with antibody stains?

  Antibody stains used on tissue can recognize specific proteins such as synapses and dendrites

• 2 Electrical Signals of Nerve Cells

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• How can electrical signals of nerve cells be recorded?

  Using an intracellular micro-electrode

• What are the 5 phases of the action potential?

  Resting state: Na closed, K closed
  Threshold: few Na open, K closed. 
  Depolarization: Na open, K closed
  Repolarization: Na inactivated, K open
  Undershoot: Na closed and inactivated, K slowly closing