Central Nervous system organisation

6 important questions on Central Nervous system organisation

What neurotransmitter do the projection neurons (pyramidal cells) of the CNS use?

Glutamate at excitatory synapses

What neurotransmitters do interneurons in the CNS use? What is the exception?

GABA

Neocortex also has glutamate star-shaped inteneurons
- They get info from thalamus

What are the subcortical regions of the CNS and what is their function?

Basal Ganglia: Movement & Cognitive functions
Hippocampal formation: Long term episodic memory
Amygdala: Motivation/emotion
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What are the parts of the hippocampal formation?

Hippocampus
Dentate Gyrus
Subiculum

What is the function of the somatic division of the peripheral nervous system? Where do the cell bodies lie?

Sensory neurons: Take input from skin/muscle/joints

Cell bodies:
- Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Cranial Ganglia

What are the 3 parts of the autonomic division of the PNS?

Sympathetic:  Stress
Parasympathetic: Homeostatis/resting

Enteric system: Smooth gut muscles

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