Evolution of the brain and synapse
10 important questions on Evolution of the brain and synapse
What is the difference between ortholog, paralog and homolog?
Orthologs are genes or proteins that share a common function in difference species.
Paralogs are multiple variants of a similar protein or gene within one species.
What is important to know about species that had a protosynapse?
What were the new protosynapse genes in choanoflgellata?
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Demospongiae still had no NS, but some new protosynapse genes were present. Which?
- Neurexin
- GABA receptors
- Metabotropic glutamate receptors
- Ca/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII)
What were the proteins that marked the first NS?
What are characteristics of the basic nerve system: the nerve net?
What was important about the development of the nerve ring?
There are two lines present in the brain/body weight relation of vertebrae. Why is this?
What can you say about the difference in visual cortex between diurnal and nocturnal animals?
What are the 'explanations' for a complex human brain?
- We have a large brain with a large amount of grey matter with:
- Many synapses per neuron
- Many interneurons (GABA/catecholamines)
- Large density in neuronal subtype
- Low density in neurons
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