MENTAL HEALTH - PHARM
9 important questions on MENTAL HEALTH - PHARM
NEUROTRANSMITTER - Dopamine (DA)
-fine muscle movement
-integration of emotions and thoughts
-decision making
-stimulates hypothalamus to release hormones (sex, thyroid, adrenal)
decreased= parkinson's dz and depression (SLOW) (DDD= dopamine, decreased, depression)
increased= Schizophrenia and Mania (FAST) (increased sensory)
NEUROTRANSMITTER - GABA (y-aminobutyric acid)
-reduces aggression, excitation and anxiety
-anticonvulsant and muscle relaxing properties
-May impair cognition and psychomotor fxning
decreased= anxiety d/o's, schizophrenia, mania, huntington's dz
increased= reduction of anxiety
**opposite of normal, decreased increases, increased decreases
Antidepressants - SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
-Ex: Fluoxetine (prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), citalopram (celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), Fluvoxamine (Luvox).
-Paroxetine (Paxil) *d/t anticholinergic effects, be careful in pts with narrow angle glaucoma ( can worse and leave them blind).
-SE's: N/V, low libido
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
Antidepressants - SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
-Ex: Venlafaxine (effexor) - can cause HTN, Desvenlafexine (pristiq), Duloxetine (cymbalta - tx of GAD, depression and diabetic peripheral neuropathy).
Antidepressants - SNDIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine DisInhibitors)
-Mirtazapine (Remeron): antianxiety and antidepressant (SEs: sedation and weight gain, minimal sexual dysfunction and nausea)
Antidepressants - Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
-MAO = enzyme that destroys NTs
-Ex: Isocarboxazid (Marplan), Phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcyromine (parnate), selegiline (EMSAM).
-Inhibits MAO which increases monoamines
-SE's: HTN crisis caused by ingestion of aged cheese, pickled or smoked fish and wine with the MAOI- can all cause life threatening vasoconstriction
-when on MAOI, tyramine is not broken down by MAO so the levels rise causing HTN crisis.
-Toxicity w/ oral decongestants and other antidepressants
Antipsychotic Drugs - FIRST Generation
-Ex: Chlorpromazine (thorazine), Thioridazine (Mellarill)
-useful in tx of "positive" schizophrenia s/sx - paranoid, grandiose ideas, hallucinations
-SE's: parkinsonism, akinesia, akathesia(restlessness), dyskiesia(involuntary mvmnts), tardive dyskinesia, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, wt gain (more than 100 pounds), and gynecomastia in men.
Antipsychotic drugs - SECOND Generation
-EX: clozapine (clozaril - at risk for myocarditis), Risperidone (Risperdal), quetepine (seroquel)
-use in tx of positive AND negative s/sx of schizophrenia, less extrapyramidal SE's
-SE's: gynecomastia, galactorrhea, amenorrhea, low libido
- Agranulocytosis: convulsions, suppress bone marrow, decreased WBC count
- Metabolic syndrome: increase in wt gain, BS, and trigylcerides), highest rsk with Clozapine and olanzapine, less risk of metabolic syndrome: aripiprazole, ziprasidone.
-Aripiprazole (Abilify): dopamine system stabilizer - SE's - insomnia and akathisia (restlessness).
Alzheimer's disease tx
- this dz is thought to be d/t dysfxn in neurons that secret acetylcholine, tx is aimed at preventing the destruction of these neurons
-Anticholinesterase drugs: tacrine (cogne, donepezil (aricept), galantamine (razadyne), rivastigmine (exelon).
-Noncompetitive N-methyl-D-asparate receptor: memantine (Namenda) - tx of mod-severe alz's dz
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
