Relations between food and brain
8 important questions on Relations between food and brain
What are typical domains of cognitive functioning and which factors influence these domains?
LEMAPP
Language
Executive functions
Memory
Attention
Perception
Psychomotor
Factors: mood, arousal (alertness, energy), physical well-being, motivation
Cerebrum divided into 4 lobes (higher brain functions), which ones?
What happens in the cerebellum?
And in the brainstem?
Frontal, parietal, occipital temporal lobes.
Cerebellum = controls balance, coordination and fine muscle control.
Brain stem = controls things we do without thinking: heartbeat, breathing, swallowing
What happens in the frontal lobe?
Parietal lobe?
Occipital lobe?
Temporal lobe (hippocampus)?
Executive function, decisions, personality, language, planning, movement
Intelligence, reasoning, sensation, reading
Vision
Language, behaviour, hearing, vision, emotion and memory
Hippocampus: memory, spatial navigation
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B-vitamins and cognitive functioning?
Role as cofactors in numerous catalytic reactions in the body.
Required for neurotransmitter synthesis and functioning, brain enrgy metabolism and myelination.
Although many plausible mechanisms, evidence in children is very limited: very few studies.
What are the clinical signs of AD?
Early clinical signs: difficulty remembering names and recent events, apathy, depression
Later symptoms: impaired judgment, disorientation, confusion
What is now the most recent medications for dementia?
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitiors, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockers
What is meant by the cognitive reserve theory?
Capacity of the brain to sustain the effects of disease without manifesting clinical symptoms.
Pre-morbid IQ is a useful measure of cognitive resserve
As intellectual functioning in childhood and as a young adult influence the chances of dementia, we will need to consider dietary influences at these stages
Rather than slowing devline, should we aim to create a brain with as much surplus capacity as possible?
Engaged lifestyle: use it or loose it!
Stay socially active, keep learning by reading, cross words, taking classes, exercise.
Nerve cells have to be stimulated to prevent self-destruction. Even at older age new connections between nerve cells can be made.
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