Intestinal phases

9 important questions on Intestinal phases

What is the duodenal cluster unit?

The organs of the duodenum, stomach, biliairy system (gall bladder etc.) and exocrine pancreas (the pancreatic part that releases the enzymes into the lumen). The liver is NOT included.

What is the function of the duodenul cluster unit?

It regulates the entry of chyme, it titrates exocrine secretions and mixes the chyme with these excretions.

If fat or a monitor peptide (secreted from the pancreas) is sensed in the duodenum, CCK will be released. What is the effect of CCK?

CCK delays gastric emptying and it stimulates also gall bladder contraction and sphincter of Oddi relaxation by both neural and hormonal pathways.
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What happens with used bile acids?

Bile acids are secreted in the duodenum and taken up again out of the ileum and brought to the liver where the bile acids are recycled which reduces need for new synthesis.

When does the digestion of proteins take place?

During the gastric (denaturing of protein) and the intestinal phase?

What takes care of the intraluminal digestion of starch?

This is done by amylase in saliva and pancreatic juice. It results first in dextrins and thereafter in monosaccharides.

What are the three sites of protein digestion?

  1. The lumen
  2. Brush border
  3. Enterocytes

What is the first organ that receives lipids from the bloodstream?

The heart. The heart uses these FFA's for oxidation.

How is air released from the colon?

Via exhaling (uptake in blood via the lungs) or flatus/belching. Microbiota also produces air.

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