Summary: Oefentoets

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• 1 Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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• What is true about a pharmacological treatment with antidepressants (e.g., a SSRI) versus a pharmacological treatment with cognitive enhancers (e.g., D-cycloserine)?

  antidepressants as opposed to treatment enhancers can be used as a stand-alone treatment
  
  Cognitive enhancers can only be used in combination with a psychological treatment (CBT)

• It is often seen that when a mother is afraid of spiders, her children will also be afraid of spiders in their adult life. Question: Why is this? 

  
  
  Because of modelling 

•  It is often seen that people do not become phobic after negative experiences with a stimulus when they have a history of positive experiences. Question: What is a plausible explanation for this phenomenon? 

  Latent inhibition

• What are the most important components of the recommended treatment for specific phobia?

  
  
  systematic desensitization
  
  Exposure in vivo

• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Randomsky, et al. (2014) Question: What do Randomsy et al. (2014), refer to when they talk about “when more is less”?  

  The results of the study indicate that following repeated relevant checking, both clinical (OCD) and nonclinical participants reported significantly reduced memory confidence, vividness and detail.

• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) - Lecture Question: What are characteristics of compulsions?

  Compulsions are not necessarily linked to the obsession and cause relief

• Which mental disorder can be specific as well as diffuse?

  Social Phobia

• The thought: "I've got to get out of here right now, I am going to lose control!" Question: By whom may such a thought most likely be reported ? 

  By someone experiencing a panic attack

•  Which of the following statements concerning the difference between fear and anxiety is/are correct? 

  Anxiety is more general, while Fear is aimed at a specific threat
  
  Fear is predisposed evolutionary whereas anxiety is not

• Question: Which of the following statements concerning fear are correct?

  Fear is adaptive and has evolutionary value
  Fear is a bodily response to perceived threat.
  Fear involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
  Fear responses arise quickly and subside slowly.