Quality managment

13 important questions on Quality managment

What are the dimensions of quality?

  1. Performance (What are the basic characteristics?)
  2. Features (are there extra characteristics?)
  3. Reliability (how long before you need maintenance?)
  4. Durability (What is the useful life?)
  5. Conformance (Performed to specifications?)
  6. Aesthetics (How well appears it to senses?)
  7. Serviceability (easy to repair, maintain, support or not?)
  8. Perceived quality (what is reputation?)

What are prevention costs?

Costs an organization incurs to prevent defects from occurring at the first place.

What are examples of prevention costs?

  • (re) designing the process
  • Training employees
  • Improve collaboration with suppliers
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What is the meaning of appraisal costs?

Costs that a company incurs for assessing its quality levels (testing after production but prior to shipping.
Spending more on prevention costs usually lowers appraisal costs)

What is an example for appraisal costs?

Cost for inspections, sampling, surveying of customers.

What is meant with external failures?

If defects are not detected until the products/service reaches the customer. (warranty service)

How do you define the steps of the six sigma process?

Six sigma uses a five-step approach to reduce variability and defects in processes:
  1. Define the goals of the improvement activity
  2. Measure the existing process
  3. Analyse the process
  4. Improve the process
  5. Control the new process

What is lean management?

Lean is a philosophy that seeks to eliminate waste in all aspects of a firm's production activities: human relations, vendor relations, technology and the management of materials and inventory

What does lean managment do?

  • Value is added any time we physically change our product towards what the customer is buying
  • If we are not adding value, we are adding cost or waste
  • Lean manufacturing drives the systematic elimination of waste

What are 8 major sources of waste?

  1. Overproduction-> Production that is more needed or before it is needed
  2. Waiting -> Wasted time waiting for the next step in a process.
  3. Unnecessary transportation-> unnecessary movements of products and materials.
  4. Inappropriate process -> more work or higher quality than is required by the customer.
  5. Unnecessary inventory-> excess products and materials not being processed.
  6. unnecessary motion -> unnecessary movements by people (E.g. Walking).
  7. Defects -> effort caused by rework, scrap and incorrect information
  8. Underutilization of employees -> underutilizing people's talents, skills and knowledge

Out of which steps does the deming cycle consist?

  • Plan -> select a process needed improvement, develop a plan and improvement measures
  • Do -> implement plan, monitor improvements
  • Check -> analyze data to evaluate effectiveness of the plan.
  • Act -> document and disseminate improved process as a standard procedure

Where is the fishbone diagram used for?

To identify many possible causes for an effect or problem. It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts ideas into useful categories

What is the procedure of the fishbone diagram?

  1. Problem statement
  2. Categories of causes
  3. Brainstorm possible causes
  4. Asking why

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