Individual positions
6 important questions on Individual positions
- Describe vertical job specialization:
- Vertical job specialization separates the performance of the work from the administration of it.
Organizations specialize jobs in the vertical dimension in the belief that a different perspective is required to determine how the work should be done.
- What is described here:
Increases repetition -> Facilitates standardization; Facilitates learning; Individual to be matched to the task. Parallel activities; To increase productivity. Problem: coordination.
- Horizontal job specialization.
- Describe the process of horizontal job enlargement:
- Wide variety of tasks associated with producing products and services.
Increases intrinsic motivation.
He/She may either do more tasks in sequences, or do them one at a time, as before, but interchange tasks with his/her colleagues periodically so that his work becomes more varied.
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- What is described here?
Job enrichment. Gains control over the tasks. Quality of working life increases.
- Vertical job enlargement.
As Herbert Simon (1969) has pointed out, the essence of the man-made sciences - whether engineering, medicine, or management - is design.
- Explain why design is the essence of the man-made sciences:
- Because, design assumes discretion, an ability to alter a system.
In the case of organizational structure, design means turning those knobs that influence the division of labour and the coordinating mechanisms, thereby affecting how the organization functions.
Organizations divide their labour - specialize their jobs - to increase productivity.
In one pin factory, 10 men specialized in their work were each able to turn out about 4.800 pins per day.
- What are according to Adam Smith the reasons for such productivity increase?
- The improved dexterity of the workman from specializing in one task.
- The saving in time lost in switching tasks.
- The development of new methods and machines that come from specialization.
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
