Workshop 2 - Diversity in Teams

17 important questions on Workshop 2 - Diversity in Teams

What are the 2 types of level-based diversity?

1. Surface-level diversity --> visible diversity (external and things we cannot change, e.g. physical attributes, race, etc.)
2. Deep-level diversity --> invisible diversity (attributes that are not readily seen, e.g. educational background, work experience, etc.)

What are the two typologies of diversity?

1. Demographic diversity (readily observable, less job-related)
2. Functional diversity (less easily discernable, more job-related, e.g. personality, educational background, etc.)

What are the two ways in which you can discern between diversity?

1. At a level basis
2. At a typology basis
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Why is diversity important to an organisation?

1. It helps better understanding the market place
2. Leads to better utilisation of talent (get talent from all over the world)
3. More creativity, innovation and problem solving

What is the war for talent?

Large demand for skilled labour, limited supply, therefore increased competition for talent all over the world.

How do you measure the diversity within a team?

Blau's index.

What is vertical collectivism (V-C)?

A cultural pattern in which the individual sees the self as an aspect of an in-group, but the members of the in-group are different from each other, as some have more status.

What is horizontal Individualism (H-I)?

A cultural pattern where an autonomous self is claimed, but the individual is more or less equal in status with others

What is the difference between tight and loose cultures?

In loose cultures there are weak norms and a high tolerance of deviant behaviour, while a tight culture has strong norms and a low tolerance of deviant behaviour.

What are the 2 perspectives on diversity?

1. Social categorisation perspective (favouritism of in-group over out-group, diversity is BAD for performance)
2. Information/decision-making perspective (make use of rich information that stems from diversity, diversity is GOOD for performance, elaboration is key)

What 3 factors make a category salient?

1. is it a normative fit (extent to which categorisation is subjectively meaningful to perceiver)
2. Cognitive accessibility (perceiver's readiness to use categorisation)
3. Comparative fit (extent to which categorisation provides good reflection of similarities/differences between people)

When does social categorisation lead to intergroup bias?

When there is an identity threat (groups want positive and distinctive group identity, and don't want this threatened)

What is vertical individualism (V-I)?

A cultural pattern in which an autonomous self is claimed, but individuals see each other as different, and inequality is expected.

What is intergroup bias?

More favourable perceptions of, and attitudes and behaviour towards 'in-group' members

Why is diversity good, according to the information/decision-making perspective?

1. Broader and deeper pool of task-relevant information and knowledge
2. Different perspectives & networks
3. Better problem-solving, decision quality, creativity, idea generation and innovation.

When will diversity bring about information elaboration?

When there is:
1. task complexity/interdependence
2. Individual motivation 
3. Individual ability
4. Diversity mindset

What are the 3 consequences of faultlines?

1. Members identify more with sub-group than with team goals
2. Competition, distrust and conflict between sub-groups
3. Less communication, information exchange and collaboration between sub-groups
bottom line: they cause increase in intergroup biases, and reduce information elaboration

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