Organisation Theory: Metaphors of biology
4 important questions on Organisation Theory: Metaphors of biology
What does system theory exist of?
- system = set of elements bound together in interdependent relationship
- wholeness= the effect of elements working in relationship to one another differes from the effect of their isolated, individual acitons taken colelctively
- hierarchy: the relationship among elements in a system are specified by rules
- openness: active exchange with their outside environment, taking energy and materials, transforming them and returning them
- feedback: maintenance, keep certain system conditions the way they are now, and adaption; bring about change and growth. negative= change, positive= reinforcement
- feedback is defined by human values, choice to ignore or act and organisational subsystem and individual influence each other
When is information equivocal?
What are the three fundamental propositions of Wick's theory?
- where environmental inputs have little equivocality, organisations can rely heavily on rules to guide their response
- as equivocality increases, more communicative effort is required to respond to it. interlocked behaviour cycle: double interact; adjustment message
- as equivocality increase, the use of interlocked behaviour cycles increases in an effort to reduce equivocality
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What are the main premises of Evolutionary Psychology?
- human beings become what they are throguh learning, socialisation and acculteration
- environmental determinism; who we are and what we do is a product of environmental influences --> evolution
- culture is influenced by innate psychological mechanisms in human beings that did not develop under modern conditions but have evolved from beginning of time
- brain = collective of domain-general and domain-specific mechanisms adapted throguh evolution to handle the problems confronted by early human beings
- behaviour arises froman interaction of the present environment with the evolutionary heritage of a past epoch
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- Never study anything twice again
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- 100% sure, 100% understanding
