Alkenen : structuur, nomenclatuur en inleiding tot de reactiviteit - Thermodynamica en Kinetica - Thermodynamica: hoeveel product is er gevormd?

8 important questions on Alkenen : structuur, nomenclatuur en inleiding tot de reactiviteit - Thermodynamica en Kinetica - Thermodynamica: hoeveel product is er gevormd?

What do thermodynamics have to do with stability?

  • If the product are more stable than the reactants, there will be a higher concentration of products
  • If the reactants are more stable than the products, there will be a higher concentration of reactants

How does this relate to acid and base strength?

The more stable the base (weak base), the greater te Ka value, which means a stronger acid.

What is the gibbs-free energy?

The difference between the free energy of the products and the free energy of the reactants under standard conditions (concentration of 1M, 25°C and a pressure of 1013 hPa)
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What does it mean if the Delta G° is negative?

  1. The energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants
  2. Energy was released during this reaction
  3. The products are more stable
  4. This is called an exergonic reaction

What does it mean if Delta G° is positive?

  1. The products have a higher free energy
  2. Energy will be consumed more than it will release
  3. The products are less stable
  4. This is called an endergonic reaction

What is the difference between exergonic/exothermic and endergonic/endothermic?

Exo/Endothermic represents the relative change in heat/enthalpy in a system, whereas Exer/Endergonic refers to the relative change in the free energy of a system.

Gibbs free energy formula

The formation of products with stronger bonds and greater freedom of motion causes Delta G° to be negative and therefore a more favourable one.

What does it mean if Delta S° is negative/positive?

Delta S°= S°freedom of motion of products --  S°freedom of motion of reactants

  1. Negative => To form a single molecule, bons have to be formed and to get these bonds, it is ideal that the freedom of motion of products is smaller than de the one from reactants;
  2. Positive => If one molecule has to split up, the ideal thing would be that the S° from the products larger is than the one from the reactants.

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