Coronary heart disease
10 important questions on Coronary heart disease
What is the problem in coronary artery disease?
2. Narrowing of complete obstruction of the coronary arteries or braches due to artherosclerose
What are common symptoms of CAD?
- Chest pain (angina)
- Shortness of breath
- heaviness, tightness, pain, burning, pressure or squeezing behind the breastbone, arms, neck or jaws
- Pain may vary (can also be absent)
What are characteristics of stable angina pectoris (chest pain?)
- Due to a blockage there is a limited blood supply to the heart
- Rises and falls smoothly over a few minutes
- Rest and medication help
- Usually precipitated by exertion or emotion
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What are characteristics of unstable angina pectoris?
- Caused by complete blockage
- Needs intervention
- new onset, intensification, during the night, prolonged
- Can be the onset of a MI (heart attack)
What is an myocardial infarction? (MI)
--> so due to a lack of oxygen, a part of the heart muscle dies
What is Congestive heart failure?
What are Hearth Rhythm Disorders? (Arrhythmias?)
Most arrhythmia are not serious, but some predispose a person for complications such as stroke or heart failure, cardiac arrest.
What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?
Heart attack: blockage of blood flow (plumming) --> mostly caused by CAD = heart attack = MI
What are modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors for CAD?
- psychosocial stressors, air pollution, inflammation
- unhealthy lifestyle
Which lifestyle changes have a huge impact on mortality risk reduction for patients with CAD?
2. Smoking cessation (35%)
3. Dietary changes (limiting saturated fats, sodium and fluid restriction for CHF) (45%)
4. Lose (abdominal weight)
5. Reduce alcohol intake
6. Reduce levels of chronic stress
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