The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Systems

13 important questions on The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Systems

What originates from the myeloid stem cells?

Myeloblast, pronormoblast, immature monocyte and megakaryocyte

What indices the size of the erythrocyt and the quantity of hb in the cell?

MCV, MCH en MCHC

How much nucleus the neutrophil consist of?

3-5 lobes
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What is the fenotype of a lymphocyte?

Small, round cells with a dark and compact nucleus and a small rim of cytoplasma

What are the symptoms of anemie?

  • Shortness of breath
  • Fatigue
  • Whiteness
  • Nail defects
  • Jaundice
  • Splenomegaly    

What are the symptoms of leukopenia?

  • Large ulcera
  • Infection and sepsis

Cause chronic myeloproliferative neoplasia

Proliferation and differentiation

What are the differences between acute lymphoblastic and myeloide leukemia?

Therapies, prognostic features, age preference, DNA alterations

Describe acute lymgoblastic leukaemia (ALL)

Young age (peak in 1e decade) but not exclusively
Originates from B or T cell precursor (most often “pre-B cells”)
Prognosis depends on the number of leukaemic cells in the peripheral blood, organ infiltration (CNS) and mmunphenotype
Treatment with chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation

How is AML classified?

By genetic defects: inv16 (bad) and inv3 (good). These code for normal myeloid cell differentiation.

Definition sickle cell anemia

Sickle cell anemia is caused by a single amino acid substitution in β-globin that results in a tendency for deoxygenated HbS to self-associate into polymers

Definition CLL/SLL (small)

CLL/SLL is an indolent, slowly growing tumor in which increased tumor cell survival appears to be more important than tumor cell proliferation per se

How is CML distinguished from other myeloprolifertive neoplasma?

By the presence of BCR-ABL gene and ABL gene

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