Summary: Perception & Action
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1: The Brain-Mind link 1
This is a preview. There are 17 more flashcards available for chapter 02/09/2019
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What is the Encephalization Quotient?
Brain weight vs body mass: E=CS^r
E= brain weight
C = Cephalization factor
S = Body weight
r= constant (0,66 for mammals)
EQ = The size of the brain/weight ration compared to other animals -
What kind of animals succeed more in problem solving?
- Animals with large brains,
- Animals with high Cephalisation. -
Does brain size and encephalization depend on social behaviour?
Yes, social animals usually have bigger brains. -
What does lissencephaly mean? What does it mean in the human brain?
The differences in gyration. (a sea cow has almost none gyri, while a land cow has lots.)
Lissencephaly in a human brain means severe developmental delay, seizures and early death. -
Why is it difficult, if not impossible, to make allometric approaches about the relation ship between brain size and body?
- Body
- Weight issues (Birds having to fly)
- Protection from cold, (fat of whales)
- Muscle proportion
Brain
- Cortex vs Subcortical vs Cerebellum
- Gyration
- Cortical thickness
- Neurons vs Glial cells (supportive tissue)
- Neuron Density -
What parts of the thalamus differ & for what reason?
-Sexually Dismorphic Nucleus (SDN): Larger in males than females
- Bed Nucleus Stria Treminalis (BST): Larger in males than females. Smaller in men that feel women.
-Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: (SCN) Larger in woman than men. Larger in homosexual man than hetero sexual man -
What is golgi staining en what does it do?
Fills the entire cell with silver
Reveals shape of individual cells
Fills some cells, not all (why?) -
What are stellate cells and pyramidal cells?
Stellate cells: Small cells, circular dendrites, short axons, often inhibitory
Pyramidal cells: Triangular cell body, apical dendrites, ling axons that leave the cortex, mostly excitatory. -
What do we call the study of cellular composition of the brain?
Cytoarchitecture -
What are the different layers in cytoarchitecture?
Integration Layer 1: Only fibers
Processing Layers 2&3
Input layer: 4
Output Layer: 5&6
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