Action 3: Dysfunction
23 important questions on Action 3: Dysfunction
What's the difference between a Hemorrhage & a brain infarct?
- Brain infarct: Blockage in arteries (bloodclot) --> Oxygen deprivation --> Cell death
What is motor disinhibition?
What is motor rigidity?
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What could happen when action is too reactive/too externally guided?
- Utilisation/ Imitation behaviour
What happens when there is a disruption in the spinal cord?
- Paralysis
What does the Babinsky sign show?
What influence does M1 have on reflexes?
M1 pathology: Causes & Consequences?
Consequences: - Spasms & Gross movements; Uncoördinated action
- Often 1 sided
- (extra)pyramidal tracts to spinal cord affected: Disruption of reflexes
What problems do Huntington patiënts get besides motor problems?
- Personality changes: Aggression, impatiënt
What are Parkinson's symptom?
- Bradykinesia: Difficulty initiating movement
- Rigidity
- Slow movements
- Difficulty with balance, mimics & adjustment
- Difficulty voluntary movement
What are 2 interventions for Parkinson's?
- Deep Brain Stimulation
Deep Brain stimulation is used in parkinson:
Cerebellum is contra/ipsi/bilateral?
What are the problems with Asynergy of Lateral damage in the cerebellum? And Medial Damage?
- Medial damage: Disruption of posture & torso movement
What is Dysmetria & Hypermetria?
Premotor cortex problems are?
Problem with damage of Supplementary Motor Complex?
- Imitation & Utilisation behaviour
- Alien hand syndrome
What is Utilisation behaviour? What causes it?
- SMA disruption with BG/ACC/Parietal problem
What is imitation behaviour?
What do imitation & utilisation behaviour have in common?
- Motive is external, but perceived as internal --> Motive is made up
What are problems with damage to the Posterior Parietal Cortex (PPC)?
- Ideomotor apraxia: Problem in action execution --> Especially without the object being there --> "What to do with scissors?"
-Ideational apraxia: Problem in understanding the action
What are problems with a dysfunction of the Prefrontal Cortex?
-Akinetic mutism: not being able to move
What are the 2 types of Abulia? (weakness of will)
- Intentional motive present: Intention, but no action worth working for (discrepancy)
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