Research Programmes & Methodological Anarchy
21 important questions on Research Programmes & Methodological Anarchy
What was the approach of Imre Lakatos?
Where did Lakatos agree about with Popper?
How did Lakatos respond to Popper and Kuhn?
- Lakatos agrees with Kuhn tot Popper's falsificationism is an oversimplified view of science, but rejects the conclusion that this leads to accepting the irrationality of scientific revolutions --> more refined falsificationist position.
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What are the three varieties of falsificationism?
2. Methodological falsificationism.
3. Sophisticated falsificationism.
What are the two false assumptions of dogmatic falsificationism?
--> Observation is theory laden.
2. If a statement is a true observational statement, it is proven from facts.
--> Since all theoretical statements are fallible, and factual statements cannot be distinguished form theoretical statements, factual statements are fallible to.
How does science grow according to Braithwaite?
What is wrong with the demarcation criterion of Dogmatic Falsificationism?
What is the main point of Methodological Falsificationism?
What are the problems (3) with Methodological Falsificationism?
- A test in science is not a two-way fight between theory and experiment, but a three-way fight between two rival theories and the experiment.
- Falsificationism is not the only outcome of a test.
What are the three demands for scientific growth (Sophisticated Falsificationism)?
2. Explains previous success old theory.
3. Is to a certain extent corroborated.
What are two main points of Sophisticated Falsificationism?
- Series of theories are not separated by unbridgeable gaps, instead they exhibit continuity.
What are the two sets of methodological rules:
2. Some tell us what paths to pursue (positive heuristics).
What are the two ways to modify protective belt:
2. Progressive programme: modifying the belt leads to new hypothesis --> promising.
What is the difference between a degenerative programme and a progressive programme?
What are three grounds on which charges of irrationality have been levelled at Kuhn by Lakatos?
2. Kuhn argues that the choice between paradigms is a community decision.
3. Kuhn;s notion of incommensurability: idea that rational comparison between 2 paradigms is impossible.
What does 'Against Method' mean? (Feyerabend)
We should we not accept one theory/method over another?
2. Plurality opinion beneficial: humanitarian aspect.
What are the consequences of methodological anarchism?
- No demarcation criterion, every method can provide knowledge.
Approach methodological Anarchism?
How did Alan Sokal took on all constructivists at once?
What happens if one accepts total freedom according to Sokal?
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