Humoral control of the CVS
9 important questions on Humoral control of the CVS
What are the main hormones imporant for cardiovascular control?
- hormones produced by the renin-angiotensin aldosteron system (RAAS): angiotensin II, aldosteron
- atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
- hormones produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis: vasopressin (ADH = antidiuretic hormone)
What are the characteristics of epinephrine?
When does the kidney produces aldosteron? And how?
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What is the pathway for production and working of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?
ANP acts on the kidneys and decreases the renin release, which in turn lowers angiotensin II and aldosterone. Furthermore, it causes natriuresis and diuresis, which decreases the blood volume (more filtered out, thus more fluid leaves the body). It also decreases the SVR (systemic vascular resistance) and CVP (central venous pressure).
What are the actions of vasopressin? And how is it produced?
What are the myogenic factors?
What are the endothelial factors?
Which diseases are associated with dysfunctional endothelium / diminished bioavailability of NO?
Coronary vasospasm
Obesity
Dyslipidemias (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia)
Diabetes (I and II)
Heart failure
When is the heart perfused?
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