Psychobiology of Food Choice and Eating Behaviour - Food choice across the life span
10 important questions on Psychobiology of Food Choice and Eating Behaviour - Food choice across the life span
How is the food choice/preference structured in children?
- Innate preferences/aversions - sweet/bitter
- rest is learned:
- mere exposure
- flavour nutrient learning
- flavour flavour learning
- social modelling - parental style
Childhood: flavour flavour learning
- effect stays in time (2 months) intake and liking
How is the food choice structured in adolescents?
- Rapid physical growth - accelerated rate of increase in height/weight during puberty
- dramatic hormonal changes
- major changes in cognitive proceses and related brain function
- major changes in social roles, relationships and vocational roles
- preferences/dietary habits -> pretty stable
- need for increased energy intake
- determinants of adolescent's food choices:
- physical -> hormones, growth, brain maturation
- social -> peer acceptance, autonomy
- gender differences
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better and I came across Study Smart. Since then I have scored a A+, A, A- and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for 3 years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to finish all of them within 3 months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with a A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra courses this year, because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart I passed all my exams !!! No more re-sits!! At first, I was happy with a pass and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on my grades, my speed and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel totally confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and make great progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a huge amount of my time on creating my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods in such a way that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The largest effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school, Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any D's. My average score is now an A and those are results I would have never had in the past
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. Since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my courses on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will pass or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams, and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a very good study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
Adolescence: what are the physical determinants of food choice?
Adolescents have good knowledge about healthy eating practices but do not act on this.
Most important: taste, hunger, price
Less important: health, nutrition, long-term
Adolescents: what are the social determinants of food choice?
Social + purchasing power is higher
Need for peer acceptance is higher
What are the determinants of food choice during mid-life?
- family dynamics over time:
- periods of readjustment of food choice patterns:
- family formation- initial years of marriage
- entry of children into the family
- middle-age- health issues
- gender + gender roles:
- women- household food provider
- social stratification- division of household tasks, in particular food chores
- power in families + decision making:
- Interaction between couples on how they divide responsibilities and what is eaten
Food choices later in life:
Later in life: increasing age > impaired sensitivity
- > 50 studies since 1950: many convincing data
- thresholds, suprathreshold sensitivity, identification ability
- decline in smell > decline in taste
- elderly, a heterogeneous group!
Later in life: increasing age > higher optimal flavour concentrations/changes in preferences
- About 30 studies
- several studies confirm this, not all!
- not unanimous: different for different groups of elderly
- different for various flavours
- slightly higher optimal flavour (taste+odor) concentrations in elderly compared to young subjects
- ----- young
- - - - - elderly
Later in life: higher tastant/flavour concentrations > higher food intake
- 10-15 studies
- evidence becomes weaker
- various studies confirm hig
her intake with higher sensory stimulation, but some do not
Ad libitum intake of apple juice with different sugar concentrations in 33 young and 35 elderly subjects
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
