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Davidoff, Paul. 1965. Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31: 331-338

8 important questions on Davidoff, Paul. 1965. Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31: 331-338

What is the role of city planning in a democracy, according to Paul Davidoff?

In a democracy, city planning is a means for determining policy, and appropriate policy is determined through political debate. Planners should engage in the political process as advocates of the interests of government and other groups.

What does Davidoff advocate for in terms of city planning?

Davidoff advocates for pluralism in city planning, where different political, social, and economic interests produce city plans. He suggests presenting plural plans rather than a single agency plan to the public.

Why does Davidoff emphasize the importance of advocacy and values in planning?

Davidoff believes that values are inescapable elements of any rational decision-making process, and planners should not only explicate but also affirm the values underlying their prescriptions for courses of action. Advocacy helps in representing the interests of different groups.
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How does Davidoff compare the idealized political process in a democracy to due process in law?

Davidoff suggests that the idealized political process in a democracy, like due process in law, relies heavily on strong advocacy by professionals who represent individuals, groups, or organizations. Advocacy serves to inform decision-makers and the public about various perspectives.

What is the concept of "plural planning" advocated by Davidoff, and how does it differ from the traditional "unitary plan"?

Plural planning involves the advocacy of alternative plans by interest groups outside of government. It differs from the traditional unitary plan, which suggests that only one agency (city planning commission or department) should prepare a comprehensive plan. Plural planning encourages multiple groups to present plans, stimulating competition and better informing the public.

What types of organizations might engage in the plural planning process according to Davidoff?

Organizations that might engage in the plural planning process include political parties, special interest groups (e.g., real estate boards, labor organizations, civil rights groups), and ad hoc protest associations (e.g., neighborhood associations).

How does Davidoff describe the role of the public planning agency in the context of plural planning?

Davidoff suggests that the independent planning commission and unitary plan practice should not co-exist, as they limit enlightened political debate. Plural planning should be inclusive and consider physical planning, economic planning, and social planning.

What kind of knowledge and education does Davidoff recommend for planners in the context of comprehensive city planning?

Davidoff recommends that planners have a deep understanding of contemporary philosophy, social work, law, the social sciences, and civic design. While not every planner needs to be knowledgeable in all these areas, each planner should have expertise in one or more and be able to express their understanding persuasively.

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Planning theory

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