Parties and party systems - Party politics - Types of party
12 important questions on Parties and party systems - Party politics - Types of party
What is the difference between cadre and mass parties?
What is a distinguishing feature of cadre parties?
Memberships are expected to deliver a high level of political commitment and doctrinal discipline. Restrict outsider access.
F.e Nazi party
What are distinguishing features of mass parties and what can mass parties turn into?
Places a heavy emphasis on broadening membership and constructing a wide electoral base.
Often democratic. Focus on interests of specific group + articulate opposition in society.
F.e European socialist parties. --> designed to mobilize the working-class support, emphasis on leadership and unity + downgrading role of individual party members.
--> Can turn into catch-all parties. Focus on general interest, downplay opposition in society. Place stress on recruitment and organization (not ideology). Movement towards political centre.
--> can turn into cartel parties. Party as an extension of the state. Focus on governing. Financial dependence on state. Ensuring own survival.
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What is the difference between representative and integrative parties?
What is a party of representation?
Catch-all parties.
What is a party of integration?
Wish to mobilize, inspire and educate the masses. Not just respond to concerns.
Mass parties may also exhibit mobilizing tendencies. Until they become discouraged by electoral failure, socialist parties set out to 'win over' the electorate to a belief in the benefits of public ownership, full employment, redistribution, social welfare, etc.
What is the difference between constitutional and revolutionary parties?
What is the difference between left and right wing parties?
How are left-wing parties characterized?
Conservative and fascist parties.
What is the difference between mainstream and populist parties?
What are mainstream parties?
Tendency towards the center ground of politics.
Conventional and catch all features.
How are populist parties distinguished?
2. They claim that the only legitimate source of political power and moral authority rests with 'the people'.
- Populist parties also reject conventional politics' obsession with the centre ground.
Right-wing populist parties, target people who have been 'left behind' by contemporary society.
- If populist parties achieve power, they differ from mainstream ones in their desire to dismantle 'politics as normal'.
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