Political ideas and ideologies - Classical ideological traditions - Socialism
17 important questions on Political ideas and ideologies - Classical ideological traditions - Socialism
Why did socialism rise up around the early nineteenth century?
When did socialism take shape?
Developed as a reaction against the emergence of industrial capitalism.
What was the view of reformist socialists in the late nineteenth century?
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What character did the earliest form of socialism have and what was its goal?
Its goal was to abolish a capitalist economy based on market exchange and replace it with a qualitatively different socialist society (usually constructed on the principle of common ownership).
What was the reformist socialist tradition?
Reflected the gradual integration of the working class into capitalist society through an improvement in working conditions and wages + growth of trade unions and socialist political parties.
So what were the two camps of the socialist movement in the 20th century?
-Reformist socialists (practised a form of constitutional politics, embraced social democracy) --> recast socialism in terms of welfare, redistribution, and economic management.
What are the key ideas of socialism?
What is the meaning of dialectical materialism?
What is the scope of classical Marxism?
The core of classical Marxism, is a philosophy of history that Engels described as the historic materialism, what is this?
What is this materialist model?
Therefore capitalism is doomed to collapse.
The proletariat will recognize they are being exploited and will become a revolutionary force --> leading to dictatorship of the proletariat.
But this will wither away and communist society (classless and stateless) will be left.
What was Lenins contribution to Marxism?
Where did neo-marxism develop and what did it characterize?
Human beings were seen as makers of history, and not simply as puppets controlled by impersonal material forces.
Interplay between economics and politics + material circumstances of life and the capacity of human beings to shape their own destinies.
What does social democracy stand for?
Compromise between acceptance of capitalism (as the only reliable mechanism for generating wealth), and a desire to distribute wealth in accordance with moral, rather than marker, principles.
What is fundamentalist socialism?
What is the chief characteristic of modern social democratic thought?
Humanize capitalism through state intervention.
What is new social democracy referring to?
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