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Changing perspectives (Bannink)

23 important questions on Changing perspectives (Bannink)

What does changing the viewing of the problem involve? (5)

1. Acknowledge feelings and the past without letting them determine what he can do
2. Change what the person is paying attention to in a problem situation
3. Focus on what the person wants in the future
4. Challenge unhelpful beliefs about himself and his situation
5. Use a spiritual perspective to help him transcend his troubles and to draw on resources beyond his usual abilities

What are the types of negative stories that can be changed into positive ones? (4)

1. Blame stories
2. Impossibility stories
3. Invalidation stories
4. Unaccountability stories

What is important about acknowledging feelings and the past?

To help to focus on possibilities for a change instead of impossibilities. People can view their past as a source of strength rather than as a weakness.

What is important in changing what the client is paying attention to?

Through this, the client can direct attention to past or present successes instead of failures. Finding exceptions to the problem is one of the basic tools.

What can help in changing what the client is paying attention to? (10)

1. Psycho-education
2. Cognitive bias modification
3. Imagery
4. Changing perspectives
5. Third-person perspective
6. Victim or survivor
7. ACT and mindfulness
8. Externalization of the problem
9. Using a whiteboard or flip chart
10. Using metaphors

What is the aim of psycho-education?

For the client to understand and be better able to deal with the disorder or illness. In PCBT strengths, resources, and coping skills are also reinforced. It contributes to de-stigmatization and to diminish barriers for treatment.

What is the attitude of a therapist in psycho-education within CBT?

They should see the clients as co-experts. The therapist can add information if necessary or useful or invite the client to find out (more) about the disorder.

What potential does the Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) paradigm targeting both interpretation bias and positive imagery have?

Targeting both interpretation bias and positive imagery may have particular potential in developing innovative treatments for depression. Negative intrusive imagery, a lack of positive imagery, and negative interpretation bias serve both independently and interactively to maintain depressed mood.

What is positive imagery used for in CBT? (3)

1. Goal setting
2. Skills training
3. Checking

What is the aim of ''relationship questions''?

To invite clients to construct descriptions of interactional events as well as their meaning.

What is the aim of the interactional matrix?

It is a tool for facilitating the building of solutions from an interactional view and to invite clients into areas of difference.

What are the different areas of the interactional matrix about? (2)

1. Top: frames of goal, hypothetical solutions, and exceptions
2. Left: different reporting positions of the question and response (self, others and detached position)

What does third-person recall produce?

Judgments of greater self-change when people are inclined to look for evidence of change. There is a much greater change or continuing with the desired behavior.

What promotes well-being with regard to the third-person perspective?

To distance oneself from negative past selves and remaining close to positive past selves

What is known about seeing oneself as a victim as opposed to a survivor?

For people who see themselves as a survivor, the possibility of a more active role becomes apparant. It is however not sufficient as it diminishes the ability to fully experience and enjoyw life, which is linked to depression. Therefore a third position could be the thriver.

What do ACT and mindfulness teach us? (2)

1. ACT: notice, accept, and embrace (unwanted) private events
2. MBCT: helps increase a wide, open awareness as well as focused attention and reduces automatic responding

How can externalization of the problem help?

It helps to see the problem as something seperate that affects them, but does not control every aspect of their lives. The problem is then seen as an enemy by both the client and the therapist and can be fought jointly.

What are te steps in externalizing the problem? (3)

1. Clients give the problem a name
2. Questions are asked about times when the problem was not there or less present and what clients do to bring that about
3. Scaling each meeting how much the problem has control over them

What are the steps in using a whiteboard or flip chart? (3)

1. Draw a circle and write the goal in it
2. Indicate on a vertical scale next to the circle where the client currently is
3. Write down in a second circle what the client can do to get closer to that goal (exceptions that helped in the past also)

What can the therapist do if the client talks about their problems using a metaphor?

To invite the client to think of another, more positive metaphor.

What can the technique of ''Clean Language'' be used for?

To discover how clients use metaphors and what needs to happen for them to change so that they have a different perception of the world?

What can the metaphor of prejudice be used for?

To teach clients with personality disorders about schemas and information processing theory. Clients are asked to think about how they would try to change someone else's prejudice after which the link with their own schemas is discussed.

Why is imagination more important than knowledge?

For knowledge is limited, whereas imagination embraces the entire world, stimulating progress, and giving birth to evolution.

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Positive Clinical Behavioural Therapy

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Changing perspectives (Bannink)

23 important questions on Changing perspectives (Bannink)

What does changing the viewing of the problem involve? (5)

What are the types of negative stories that can be changed into positive ones? (4)

What is important about acknowledging feelings and the past?

What is important in changing what the client is paying attention to?

What can help in changing what the client is paying attention to? (10)

What is the aim of psycho-education?

What is the attitude of a therapist in psycho-education within CBT?

What potential does the Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) paradigm targeting both interpretation bias and positive imagery have?

What is positive imagery used for in CBT? (3)

What is the aim of ''relationship questions''?

What is the aim of the interactional matrix?

What are the different areas of the interactional matrix about? (2)

What does third-person recall produce?

What promotes well-being with regard to the third-person perspective?

What is known about seeing oneself as a victim as opposed to a survivor?

What do ACT and mindfulness teach us? (2)

How can externalization of the problem help?

What are te steps in externalizing the problem? (3)

What are the steps in using a whiteboard or flip chart? (3)

What can the therapist do if the client talks about their problems using a metaphor?

What can the technique of ''Clean Language'' be used for?

What can the metaphor of prejudice be used for?

Why is imagination more important than knowledge?

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