Post-traumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence
29 important questions on Post-traumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence
What are the words trauma, crisis and highly stressful life events used for?
How can posttraumatic growth manifest itself? (6)
2. More meaningful interpersonal relationships
3. Increased sense of personal strength
4. Changes priorities
5. Richer existential and spiritual life
6. Social transformations (group identity)
What types of trauma have shown to potentially act as catalysts for posttraumatic growth? (11)
2. Bereavement
3. Rheumatoid arthritis
4. HIV infection
5. Cancer
6. Bone marrow transplantation
7. Heart attacks
8. Assault and sexual abuse
9. Combat
10. Refugee experiences
11. Being taken hostage
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How can posttraumatic growth be defined?
Why will people with other dimensions of coping capacity likely report little posttraumatic growth?
How is posttraumatic growth likely to be related to physiological measures?
2. Posttraumatic growth and distress are separate dimensions and growth experiences do not put an end to distress
How can the failure of finding a negative relationship between growth and distress be explained?
What are other routes to growth? (2)
2. Positive experiences may have similar effects, especially if they are extraordinary enough to challenge schemas
What are the negative psychological consequences of highly traumatic events? (4)
2. Distressing and sometimes dysfunctional patterns of thinking (disbelief and experience of psychological numbness, or intruding thoughts and images)
3. Physical reactions (prolonged activation of bodily systems experienced in the form of fatigue, muscle tension and aches, gastric symptoms, and general physical discomfort)
4. Increased risk of developing psychiatric problems
Why is it important to focus on research regarding the positive aspects of the struggle with trauma?
What does the term 'assumptive world' mean?
How do major life crises challenge people's assumptive world?
What does cognitive rebuilding mean?
What influence does the affective component of psychological processing have?
How do posttraumatic growth and the residual distress of trauma go together?
What are the domains of posttraumatic growth? (5)
2. Warmer, more intimate relationships with others
3. Greater sense of personal strengths and vulnerabilities
4. Recognition of new possibilities or paths of one's life
5. Spiritual development
What are the main challenges caused by the occurrence of seismic events? (3)
2. Fundamental schemas: beliefs & goals
3. Life narrative
What pathways does rumination set into motion? (2)
2. Rumination leads to the reduction of emotional distress and promotes the management of automatic rumination and disengagement from goals, that helps to work towards the end goals
What are the 'end goals' of the process of posttraumatic growth that lead to posttraumatic growth? (3)
2. Schema change
3. Narrative development
What is the effect of different varieties of trauma on different levels of posttraumatic growth?
2. Different events have been related to different levels of reported growth on posttraumatic growth
What personality characteristics are related to PTG scores? (3)
2. Openness to experience
2. Optimism (perhaps through influence on cognitive processing)
What is known about the timing of cognitive processing on the effect of it?
What are the effects of support and disclosure in the face of traumatic events? (2)
2. Revealing emotional aspects of the events can result in increased intimacy
Why are narratives so important in the face of traumatic events?
What is the effect of persistence on posttraumatic growth?
What is the effect of blocking self-disclosure of intrusive thoughts?
What is known about the effect of self-disclosure and support on posttraumatic growth? (2)
2. When support remains stable and consistent over time, it may play a strong role in the development of posttraumatic growth
In what way does posttraumatic growth have common foundations with the ''fundamental pragmatics of life''?
How are ongoing and interactive processes associated with posttraumatic growth?
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