Perceptions, decisions, and power
11 important questions on Perceptions, decisions, and power
Perception is influenced by which three key components, which ones?
- Characteristics of the perceiver (attitudes, motives, category-based knowledge)
- Characteristics of the target (similarity, appearance, nonverbal cues)
- Characteristics of the situation (context of interaction, culture and race consistency)
What are the four different kinds of perceptual grouping?
- Continuity (objects as continuous patterns)
- Closure (objects as a constant overall form)
- Proximity (objects as groups based on nearness)
- Similarity (objects as groups based on looking similar)
What is selective attention/perception?
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What is the halo effect? (famous perception bias example)
What is the contrast effect ? (famous perception bias example)
What are the two attributional tendencies?
- Fundamental attribution error = tendency to attribute another person's behavior, rather than to situational factors.
- Self-serving bias = tendency to internally attribute when the outcome is related to success, and externally when the outcome is related to failure.
Explain rational model of decision making
- Identifying the problem
- Generate alternative solutions
- Evaluate alternatives and select a solution
- Implement and evaluate the solution chosen
Explain bounded rationality (non-rational model of decision-making)
What is the difference between position power and personal power?
Name two types of personal power
- Referent power = when personal characteristics are the reason for others' compliance.
- Expert power = when an individual possesses valued knowledge or information.
Name 3 types of position power
- Legitimate power = when managers obtain compliance because of their formal authority
- Reward power = when compliance is obtained through rewards
- Coercive power = the ability to make threats of punishment and actually deliver them.
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