Dirk Hilbers - Ethical aspects animal experiments
12 important questions on Dirk Hilbers - Ethical aspects animal experiments
What are the status quo - policy of animal testing?
- Animals - some moral status, but Humans - higher status
- Testing animal is morally problematic but not necessarily morally rejectable
- Law on animal testing: "Prohibited unless"-ruling (Vaccination testing)
- Testing is prohibited unless the institutions say otherwise. Ethical consensus is not an objective truth. In society - public must be informed.
What is the extrapolation problem "non-ethical consideration in the debate"? What is a contra argument you could give?
- Animals are not a perfect model for humans, sometimes a bad model
- alternative (in-vitro human tissue, organdies, computer models) are promising as replacement
- Scientific (non-ethical) criticism on animal testing
(Contra argument - Scientific reason: mice vs human (physically not same as human), but in clinical trail animal testing results similar in human trails.)
Explain how a animal experiment is being requested in the Netherlands
DEC: Dierexperimentencommissie
WoD: Wet op Dierproeven
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When is animal testing never allowed?
- When carried out by facility without a license
- When the harm to animals is higher than is necessary for the achievement of the research targets
What is a humane end point when doing experiments with animals?
Harm vs benefit are they morally justified or not?
How would you summarise weighing harm?
- The amount of harm depends on the severity, frequency and duration of effect. Effect stretches out to all aspects of the animal's wellbeing.
- 3 R's applied to ensure absence of unnecessary negative effects
= level of discomfort, from mild to severe
What are the four categories of "discomfort"? What is special about one of them?
Non-recovery is considered "less bad" then mild, because animal don't feel (actual death of animal is not considered as harmful)
What are the human benefit of animal experiments, their interests?
- Scientific interests: the advance of a filed of science
- Societal interest: the improvement of health care, the environment or other social advances
On what is the human benefit determined by?
- Impact on survival, quality of life, suffering
- Efficiency, safety
- Number of patients with disease
- Uncertainty
What are immediate goals?
What are ultimate goals?
What does the Bateson's cube of weighing discomfort consider? What is missing in the Bateson's cube
Benefits (low/high)
- Likelihood of benefit (low/high)
- Harm to Animals (low/high)
Missing
- 3 R's
- Number of animals
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