The parodontium & probing - Periodontium

4 important questions on The parodontium & probing - Periodontium

What are the sings of a healthy gingiva?

Free gingiva = smooth
Attached gingiva = stippled

On the picture you see a gingiva after pocket reduction periodontal surgery. What are the differences between a healthy gingiva?

  • The gingival margin is significantly apical to cementoenamel junction
  • Exposure of the root surface and root concavities
  • The embrasures (space) between teeth is no longer filled by the papillae

Name the different changes in disease (8p)

  • Inflammatory changes
    • loss of stippling, with smooth, shiny surface
  • Hyperkeratosis
    • leathery, hard, or nodular surface
  • Chronic disease
    • tissue may be hard and fibrotic, with a normal pink color and normal or deep stippling
  • Gingival enlargement
  • Bleeding
    • healthy gingiva tissue does not bleed during probing
  • Sulcular epithelium becomes a diseased pocket epithelium
  • The ulcerated pocket wall bleeds spontaneously or during periodontal probing
  • Exudate (pus)
    • there is no exudate in health
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Which  factors are important to teach the patient?

  • The significance of bleeding; healthy tissue does not bleed
  • Relationship of what we find to their daily oral self-care routines at home
  • The special attention needed for an area to prevent inflammation

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