The parodontium & probing

4 important questions on The parodontium & probing

What means to probe?

In which year and by who was the first described periodontal probe?

It means "to test"

1882 by dentist John M. Riggs
  • dr riggs was known as a leading expert in periodontal disease
  • periodontal disease was known as "Riggs'Disease"
  • He was a pioneer in conservative non -surgical periodontal therapy - "Riggs therapy"

Name the different methodes for examination (6p)

  • Visual examination
  • Palpation
  • Percussion
  • Electrical test
  • Auscultation
  • Instrumentation

When do we use the gingival index (GI) by Leo and silliness?

Explain how we use it

Used to determine gingival inflammation


  • Use the probe to press on the gingiva to determine the degree of firmness
  • Insert the probe INTERPROXIMAL form distal to medial to evaluate bleeding
  • "angular probing" the probe is inserted obliquely
  • Tensile test -slightly stretching
  • 20 seconds wait, then score bleeding
  • May be performed for specific teeth
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When do we use the sulcus bleeding index by muhlemann and sons?

Explain how we use it

Used to locate areas of gingival sulcus bleeding and color changes in order to recognize and record the presence of early (initial) inflammatory gingival disease


  • Walk the WHO probe to the base of the sulcus
  • "parallel probing" parallel with the long axis of the tooth
  • M units - marginal gingiva
  • P units - papillary gingiva
  • Wait 30 seconds after probing before scoring apparently healthy gingival units

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