Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies - Making and breaking governments in parliamentary democracies

4 important questions on Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies - Making and breaking governments in parliamentary democracies

The government in a parliamentary democracy comprises:

  • A prime minister: the political chief executive and head of the government
  • The cabinet: composed of ministers whose job it is to be in the cabinet and head the various government departments.
-> in a parliamentary democracy, the executive branch and the government are the same thing.

Collective cabinet responsibility refers to:

The doctrine by which ministers must publicly support collective cabinet decisions or resign.

Not only is there considerable variation in the length of time that it takes to form governments but there are also large differences in the amount of time that various governments stay in power. Governments end for two sorts of reasons:

  • Technical reasons: thinks that are beyond the control of the governments.
  • Discretionary reasons: political acts on the part of the government or opposition.
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In some countries, the government gets to choose when it wants to hold elections. We refer to this possibility as endogenous timing. Three different stories have been proposed to explain the timing of elections:

  1. Political surfing: waits until the economy is right
  2. Political business cycling: manipulates the economy
  3. Signaling: worse economic times are expected

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