Descriptive analysis

15 important questions on Descriptive analysis

How does the flavour profile method work?

  • It uses a consensus technique
    • trained subjects evaluate food product while discussing and defining the flavour attributes together
  • 4-6 judges; 2-3 weeks training
  • Reference materials for discussing and defining flavours
  • It only focussen on the flavour attributes of a food product


The estimate intensity of flavour attributes is rated
  • 0 = not present
  • )( = threshols/just noticeable
  • 1 = slight
  • 2 = moderate
  • 3 = strong
  • options to expand: + - 1/2 etc

As well as the estimated intensity of overall amplitude (overall balance and blending) of the product
  • )( = very low
  • 1 = low
  • 2 = medium
  • 3 = high

What are the limitations of the flavour profile method?


  • It can be seen as a qualitative descriptive method (consensus)
    • No statistical analysis possible (only descriptions of the flavours can be made)
  • This profile method is limited to flavour impressions only (so not for texture, appearance)

What is the History of Quantitative descriptive analysis?

  • All modalities! (i.p.v. Only flavour)
  • Individual profiles! (i.p.v. One product profile)
  • developed in 1970s
  • Stone and Sidel
  • Trademark
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What is the principle of quantitative descriptive analysis?

  • Data from individual panelists (n=10-12)
  • Sensory booths
  • Attribute generation and use > consensus approach
    • all modalities
    • panel leader passive facilitator
  • Reference standards used occasionally
  • VAS-scale is used for measuring intensity

What is the history of texture profile method?

  • Texture! (naar koekjes kijkende is smaak niet genoeg)
  • Need for a standardised method for evaluation of cereals, biscuits etc.
  • 1960 at General Foods ( > Kraft Foods > now Kraft Heinz)

What are the limitations of texture profile method?

  • High degree of training
    • Vocabulary can be used as inspiration!

  • The exact attributes with description should be used. (use of strict vocabulary)
    • Er mag geen verwarring ontstaan

What is the history of sensory spectrum

  • 1970s Gail Civille (General Foods)
  • Generalization of Texture profile method
  • Evaluation on all modalities (not only on texture)

The principles of sensory spectrum are...

(Similar to texture profile)
  • Standardized attributes and response scales
    • attributes are fixed and choose before hand
  • High involvement of panel leader
    • intensive training of panel is necessary


  • comparison over time
  • comparable between cultures?

The results of different panels trained with the spectrum method are

Comparable

regardless of cultural/geographical differences!

(Similar taste evaluations)

What are the limitations of sensory spectrum

  • High degree of panelist training
  • more time-consuming than consensus training using own vocabulary

Rapid sensory profilling methods bestaat uit vele methodes. De twee belangrijkste/veel voorkomende zijn

Verbal-based methods and similarity-based methods

What are the verbal-based methods

  • Flash Profile
  • Check All That Apply (CATA)


  1. Allows panelists to use their own set of attributes
  2. No training on attributes or scaling necessary

What are the Similarity-based methods

  • Sorting
  • Napping
    • Ultra Flash Profile
    • Partial Napping


  • Based on overall differences between products

There is a concern on lack of training when looking at napping. What happens if there is a trained panel?

  • Better product discrimination after more training
  • Training on product level most effective

What is the comparison of conventional descriptive profile and some rapid methods?

  • More training leads to more accurate results
  • Simple adjustments can make a difference

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