Texture evaluation

12 important questions on Texture evaluation

What are the functions of texture?

  • Contrast or variety in a meal
  • Indicator for food quality
  • Identification of foods
  • Satiety expectations (hoe dikker de structuur hoe vullender)
  • Eating rate, intake (hoe vloeibaarder hoe meer je eet)

What is happening when using visual texture

  • It is the first evaluation of texture
  • Creating expectations
  • Can influence oral texture perception

When are you using auditory texture, what are you detecting

  • Crispiness, crunchiness and crackliness
  • sound influences hedonic responses
    • Negative: gritty sound of sandy spinach
    • Positive: crips sounds of breakfast cereals
    • Other: ripeness of watermelon by thumping


Increasing loudness and pitch causes higher crispy perception
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What is the difference in auditory texture between crispiness and crunchiness?

Crispiness (chips)
  • Higher pitch
  • Dry food
  • More delict/light
  • Short breakage duration


Crunchiness (appel)
  • Lower pitch
  • Moist/wet foods
  • More solid thick
  • Longer breakage duration

Tactile texture where are we looking at

  • Oral texture perception (food)
    • Mouthfeel characteristics
      • static feelings
      • rheological properties
    • Dynamic phase changes
      • ingestion (lips)
      • biting (front teeth)
      • chewing
      • wetting and breakdown (saliva, enzymes)
      • Deformation (tongue, palate)
      • Bolus formation
  • Manual texture perception

Oral texture perceptions is depending on

  • Product specific
  • high inter-individual variation in behaviour (age)

How do you measure texture perception?

With standard sensory techniques such as
  • discrimination testing,
  • ranking,
  • (temporal) descriptive profilling,
  • QDA
  • TEXTURE PROFILE METHOD

The texture profile method

Gives better results

Uses a standardised vocabulary, with clear definitions.

What is the aim of sensory-instrumental texture correlations?

The aim of these methods is to replace the time consuming and expensive work with the sensory panel to retrieve data on texture perception with objective instrumental measurements.

What are the two instrumental texture methods?

  • Insteon Unicersal Testing Machine:
    • Uniaxial compression tests
  • Texture profile analyser (TPA)

What does the uniaxial compression test do?

A machine applies forse on an sample with a constant speed.

De machine boots de beweging in de mond na.

Textural characteristics die onderzocht kunnen worden zijn
  • Elesticity/stiffness
  • strength of matrix
  • brittleness
  • firmness or hardness
  • toughness

What does the texture profile analyser do?

Gives multiple compressions (i.p.v. 1 zoals bij uniaxial) to mimic the chewing movement

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