Genetics has provided a powerful new approach to biological research

8 important questions on Genetics has provided a powerful new approach to biological research

What is reverse genetics?

1. Start with a gene sequence that has no known function
ATTEMPT TO FIND THAT FUNCTION
2. One approach: completely knoch out the gene's function by eliminating the gene and then to look for the effect on the organism's function

What is DNA cloning?

Taking a DNA fragment and replicating it many times over until there are many copies (so that essentially it can be treated like a reagent in a test tube)

What is the main goal of probing?

Detecting specific macromolecules in a mixture (how can specific molecules be detected among the thousand of types in the cell)
  • Higher grades + faster learning
  • Never study anything twice
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Discover Study Smart

What are the 3-5 steps of southern blotting?

1. DNA from organism under study is extracted and cut (still double stranded)
2. Fragment of SNA get separated into groups of fragments of different sizes by using electrophoresis
3. Seperated fragments are blotted onto a piece of porous membrane

4. The membrane with DNA strands is heated (denaturation) to get single stranded DNA
5.  The membrane is placed in a solution of the probe
6. The single stranded probe will find and bind to its complementary DNA sequence

What is western blot?

1. Protein mizture is extracted form cells and seperated into bands of distinct proteins by electrophoresis
2. Blotted onto a membrane
3. Membrane is bathed in a solution of antibody
4. Position of the protein is revealed by the postion of the label that the antibody carries

What is a microarray?

A postage-stamp-size glass slide to which DNA framents representing al the genes in a genome are glued

What are the (3) steps during the microarray method?

1. Microarray is bathed in a labeled probe
    --> probe: complex mixture made by converting mRNA from one tissue (for example cancer tissue) into cDNA
2. Spots of label on the glass reveal which genes were being transcribed in the sample tissue
--> the pattern of colours of the microarray 'holes' reveal which genes are actively transcribed in that cell type
3. Comparison with noncancerous tissue reveals which genes are active (and inactive)

What is the main goal of the Polymerase Chain Reaction?

Detect the presence of specific segements of interest by multiplying segments of DNA that code for a specific diagnostic (and measuring the amount of made DNA segments)

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

  • A unique study and practice tool
  • Never study anything twice again
  • Get the grades you hope for
  • 100% sure, 100% understanding
Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.
Trustpilot Logo