The nature of biological information

11 important questions on The nature of biological information

Of which 3 components is a nucleotide made of?

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base (varies)

Which 4 different nitrogenous bases exist?

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytocine

What are the complementary base pairs?

Adenine-Thymine and Guanine-Cytocine
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How do you distinct one specie from another? (chromosome wise)

Each organism has characterics number of chromosomes and appearance

Besides genes, what do chromosomes consist of?

Introns and exons (internal noncoding inserts)

With which technique can DNA molecules in a genome be seperated by size (on a gel)?

Electrophoresis

What is a nucleosome?

A molecular spool to which DNA is coiled, it is composed by eight histones

What is a histone?

A protein in the eukaryotic nuclei that pack and order DNA in structual units called nucleosomes

What is the extranuclear genome?

A small specialized fraction of eukaryotic genomes found in the mitochondria

Where can the genome of prokaryotes be found?

Unbounded in the cytoplasm

What are the additional small circular chromosomes of prokaryotes called?

Plasmids

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