Summary: Psychology :)

Read the summary and the most important questions on Psychology :)

• 1 Psychology Sem 1

• 1.1 Introduction to Learning and Classical Conditioning

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• What is associative learning?

  Associative Learning is when you learn that certain events occur together

• Who is Associative Learning connected with? (NAME)

  Pavlov

• Before conditioning, when Pavolv gave dog food and the dog salivated, is it learnt?

  No, it is not learnt. It is a biological response.

• What is the terminology eg. Pavlov rang bell and did not give dog  food. After a few times, dog did not salivate.

  Extinction

• What is Stimulus Generalisation?

  Similar stimulus = similar response
  Eg. For example, During Pavlov's experiment, when he used a high pitched bell or a low pitched bell, it did not matter. The dog still salivated.
  
  Eg. If you like Nutella, you might like another kind of cholocate spread.
  Or if you are bitten by a black dog when you were younger = afraid of all dogs in the future. 

• What is spontaneous recovery? Example.

  Eg. When you ring the bell after extinction has set in, sometimes the dog will salivate

• 1.2 Operant Conditioning

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• How many reinforcers are there and what are they?

  1. Positive 
  2. Negative
  3. Primary
  4. Secondary
  5. Immediate
  6. Delayed

• Can an activity be a positive reinforcer?

  Yes

• What do children love?

  1. Attention
  2. Money
  3. Approval

• What is the common mistake that people have of a negative reinforcer?

  They think that negative reinforcers are punishment