Infancy and Childhood - Factors that affect secure and insecure attachment

16 important questions on Infancy and Childhood - Factors that affect secure and insecure attachment

What are the factors that affect secure and insecure attachment?

Individual temperament and responsiveness of parents

What makes up a securely attached child? (Parents)

Sensitive and responsive parents
Notice what baby is doing and reacts accordingly

What makes up a insecurely attached child? (Parents)

Insensitive and unresponsive parents
Attend to babies when they feel like doing so
But ignore them at times
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What did Erikson believe about securely attached children approaching life?

Securely attached children approach life with a sense of basic trust

What is a sense of basic trust

A trust that the world is predictable and reliable

What are early attachments a foundation for?

Early attachment is a foundation for our adult relationships and our comfort with affection and intimacy

What do secure r/s with parents result in?

Secure friendships with friends
Tend to adjust well in strange situations like leaving home

Adult r/s of insecure attachment [anxious attachment type]

Anxious attachment type - constantly crave acceptance but remain vigilant for signs of possible rejection

Diminished social connections and support

Adult r/s of insecure attachment [avoidance of attachment]

Discomfort getting close to others
Maintain distance from others

Future r/s:  decreases commitment, increases openness to infidelity and increases conflict

What happens when a child does not form any attachment?

Withdrawn, frightened, speechless
Mental health concerns

What do abused children become in the future? [Bad]

Increased risk for health problems, psychological disorders
The greater the abuse that they suffer, the greater chance of depression, anxiety

What happens to abused children? [Trauma: footprints on brain]

Respond to angry faces/speech with heightened activity in threat detecting areas of brain

Sluggish serotonin response = aggressive teens and adults

Self concept at 6 months old

Children touch mirror image like its another child

Self concept at 15 to 18 months old

Realises that its "me"

Self concept at school age

Develops into more detailed descriptions of gender/group membership

Self concept at 8 to 10 years old

Most children develops positive self concept

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