Biology of Mind - Neural communication - Nervous system

21 important questions on Biology of Mind - Neural communication - Nervous system

What is the Somatic Nervous System?

Voluntary muscle movements eg. Scratch nose when itchy

What does the Autonomic Nervous System do?

It controls the self-regulated action of internal organs and glands. Eg. Heartbeat

What are Sensory Neurons?

They are neurons that carry messages up to the brain from the body
- carry messages from body's tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and spinal chord for processing
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What are Motor neurons?

They are neurons that are sent from the brain to the body.

What is the second communication system in the body?

The Endocrine system

What is the endocrine system and how does it work?

It is made up of glands that produce hormones into the bloodstream which will affect tissues, such as the brain

What is the cerebral cortex?

It is the outermost layer of the brain

What does the right hemisphere control?

The left side of the body

What is the left side of the brain all about?

Logic, analysis, math etc.
Academic stuff

What is the right side of the brain all about?

Creativity, imagination , writing etc.

Creativity - does not rely on rationality

What does split brain surgery do? And what is it used to cure?

Isolate the brain's two hemispheres by cutting the fibers connecting them.

Severe epilepsy

Positive Effects of split brain surgery

Seizures are significantly reduced

Negative effects of split brain surgery

The two hemispheres seem to act individually and do not work together

Functions of frontal lobe

Reasoning, thinking etc.

it is what it is like to be a human

Functions of Occipital lobe

Vision, colour perception

What happens if the frontal lobe is damaged?

Inattentiveness, personality disorders, memory and behaviour problems

What happens if the parietal lobe is damaged?

Inability to recognise self, difficulty in finding way around places

What happens if the temporal lobe is damaged?

Hearing deficits, deafness, affects memory

What are association areas? And what do they do?

Association areas are areas that are not part of the four cortex. Responsible for more complex actions and it is the most developed part of the cerebral cortex and the brain

What is brain plasticity?

It is the ability of the brain to modify itself after some type of damage

How does the brain mend itself?

It makes new connections with neighbouring neurons to move around the damaged area [called synaptogenesis].

Forms new neurons [neurogenesis]

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