Anxiety-Based Problems

10 important questions on Anxiety-Based Problems

Non-associative fear acquisition

A model which argues that dear of a set of biological relevant stimuli develops naturally after very early encounters given normal maturational processes and normal background experiences, and no specific traumatic experiences with these stimuli are necessary to evoke this fear. 

Biological challenge tests

Research in which panic attacks are induced by administering carbon dioxide-enriched air (CO2) or by encouraging hyperventilation

Suffocation alarm theories

Models of panic disorder in which a combination of increased CO2 intake may activate an oversensitive suffocation alarm system and give rise to the intense terror and anxiety experienced during a panic attack.
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Catastrophic misinterpretation of bodily sensations

A feature of panic disorders where there is a cognitive bias towards accepting the more threatening interpretation of an individual's own sensations.

Stimulus control treatment

An early behavioural intervention for worry in GAD which adopted the principle of stimulus control. This is based on the conditioning principle that the environment in which behaviours are enacted come to control their future occurence and can act to elicit those behaviours (the principle of stimulus control)

Mood-as-input hypothesis

A hypothesis claiming that people use their concurrent mood as information about whetherthey have successfully completed a task or not

Exposure and ritual prevention treatments

A means of treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) which involves graded exposure to the thoughts that trigger distress, followed by the development of behaviours designed to prevent the individual's compulsive rituals

Theory of shattered assumptions

A theory of PTSD that argues that a severe traumatic experience will shatter a person's belief in the world as a safe and benign place, resulting in the symptoms typical of PTSD

Emotional processing theory

Theory that claims that severe traumatic experiences are of such major significance to an individual that they lead to the formation of representations and associations in memory that are quite different tot hose formed as a result of everyday experience.

Dual representation theory

An approach to explaining PTSD suggesting that it may be a hybrid disorder involving two seperate memory systems.

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