Sources of Alpha

7 important questions on Sources of Alpha

Compnesation for market liquidit risk

You have 4 beta's

Fist is just market beta, cov(Ri, Rm)
second is the beta of illiquidy of i and illiquidity of the market, if a product comoves with the illiquidity of the market investors require an higher return, how higher this beta how higher the compensation for this sort of illiquidity.
The third is the illiquidity is compenstation for illiquidity if the market falls, so if the market drops and the product is not sellable .
The last is a premium if the market becomes  illiquidit and but the return becomes negtive.

The liquidity adjusted capm also shows what happes during a liquidity crisis

During the Credit crisis the following happend. Transaction cost increased since the market dried up, so the required retruns increases as investors need evene higher comensation for market liquidity risk. As result prices drop sharply

How to generate a liquidity premium

If you have a low trading cost and a long trading period, market making is a pure form of getting advantage of liquidity risk premium. 
- If there is a high bid-ask spread, they provide liquidity, take an other side of trades, and smoothing out hte price fluctuations. The compensation for the risk associated with these liquidity services is the profit due to bid-ask spreads or market impacts.

High-frequency hedge funds often effectively play the role of market makers. Some hedge funds are effectively market makers in OTC markets
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So what is one explanation for the failure of the CAPM?

Is that higher risky securties are to expensive and have less high returns compared with the low risky securties who due margin requirements are too cheap

Compensation for market and funding liquidity risk can operate at the same time?

Liquidity spirals , so they re-enforce each other. Soo at some point you got a margin call, you need to unwind your position or to put more money on your margin account so buy you in. But at the moment that you want to unwind your position also the market is dried up so higher transaction costs and due these higher transaction cost also the margin requirements are higher so you need to hold more money on the account. This can go further in a spirals.

Demand pressure Behavioral biases,

- Glamour stocks, there is a lot of media attention and take the imaginations of investors.
- Dupont is not that populair but is one of the biggest companies in the industrie

Data mining and biases

If you ask a computer to maximize alpha than he comes up with something, But it's almost certain that this strategy will not hold for the future, To overcome this you can do an in-sample test and a out sample test to test the results.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

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