Attention - Auditory Perception
40 important questions on Attention - Auditory Perception
What is the physical definition of sound?
What is the perceptual definition of sound?
When does a pure tone occur?
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What range of Hz can humans hear?
What does amplitude affect? (The greater the amplitude, _________)
How is loudness measured? (Units)
What is a complex tone?
What is pitch determined by? A pure tone & complex tone
Complex tone: Usually the fundamental frequency
Is pitch a psychological quantity or physical quantity?
What are pitches of the same note (e.g. C1 and C2) separated by?
What is the term when notes with the same letter (e.g. C1 and C2) sound similar? What are they said to have the same of?
As one moves from the left to the right side of the keyboard (from C1 to C2), what increases?
What 2 attributes does pitch contain?
Chroma is ______ in that neighbouring letters of the same type (e.g. C1 and C2) sound similar
What does the term 'missing fundamental' mean?
Humans will perceive the fundamental frequency to be present even when it is absent.
Why will the complex tone continue to repeat at the fundamental frequency, even when the fundamental frequency is absent?
Are musical sounds periodic or aperiodic?
What is auditory localisation?
What cues is auditory localisation based on?
What is interaural time difference?
What is the cone of confusion?
Can binaural cues be used to distinguish between the two points (Point A & B)? Explain.
How is the cone of confusion solved?
What is the Monaural Cue for Elevation?
In a room, how does sound travel to the listener?
What is the Precedence Effect?
When will you hear an echo?
What are the 4 factors that determine the quality of the architectural acoustics?
Reverberation time
Intimacy time
Bass ratio
Spaciousness factor
What is reverberation time? How long should a reverberation time be for a concert hall and a opera hall?
Time taken for sound to be decreased by 60dB.
A concert hall - 2 seconds.
An opera hall - 1.5 seconds to make the voices more distinguishable.
What is intimacy time? What is the intimacy time for a concert hall which has “good acoustics”?
What is base ratio? Do we want a high or low base ratio?
- It is the ratio of low frequencies to middle frequencies for the indirect sound
- Ideally, you want a high base ratio
What is the spaciousness factor? Do we want a high or low spaciousness factor?
The ratio of indirect sound to total sound
The greater the proportion of indirect sound, the greater the spaciousness factor
Ideally, you want a high spaciousness factor
How to fix the problem of the quality of sounds in concert halls being dependent on whether it is full or empty?
What are the 5 cues that people use to separate auditory streams?
Location
Onset Time
Timbre and Pitch
Auditory Continuity
Experiences
Is location needed for separating auditory streams?
How does location help people to separate auditory streams?
How does onset time help people to separate auditory streams?
However, if the 2 sounds start at the same time, chances are that they come from the same source
How does timbre & pitch help people to separate auditory streams? How do we separate instruments with the same timbre?
Even instruments with the same timbre can be separated on the basis of pitch
How does auditory continuity help people to separate auditory streams?
Tones interrupted by noise (or another stimulus) are heard as continuous (Deutsch, 1999)
Humans assume tones continue through the noise
How does experience help people to separate auditory streams? Use a example involving a person
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