Case 2A - Gestation incubation and brood care

13 important questions on Case 2A - Gestation incubation and brood care

What are the three types of animals that can be distinguished with regard to the development of the embryo?

  • Viviparous
  • Oviparous
  • Ovoviviparous

What does the embryo type viviparous mean?

Mammals are viviparous, this meanss that the newborn develops in the uterus during gestation and is fully dependent on the mother for nutrients and oxygen.

What does the embryo type oviparous mean?

Birds and most fish are oviparous, this means that the oocytes develope outside the body of the mother and that nurtients are extracted from the egg yolk by the embryo.
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What does the ebryo type Ovoviviparous mean?

This means that the development of the embryo happens within the mother but within an egg that provides nutrients from the yolk.

What is brood care?

Bringing eggs together in a nest, in the mouth or stuck to the body of a mother, this can also occur after hatching.

When is the pregnancy period in mammals?

Between fertilisation and birth

What happens to the embryo in the oviduct after fertilisation?

The embryo is transported to the uterus by contractins of the myometrium of the oviduct and movements by the cilia at the epithelium of the oviduct.

What happens to the embryo when it reaches the uterus?

The embryo attaches (pigs or cows) or implants in (human) to the uterine endometrium. After attachig or implanting the embryo is called a foetus for the rest of the pregnancy.

What is the function and lifespan of the corpus luteum?

In cyclic mammal the corpus luteum has a lifespan of 14-16 days and produces the hormone progesterone. If fertilisation has occured the lifespan is extended.

What does progesterone do during pregnancy?

Progesterone ensures that a favourable intra-uterine environment for the foetus is established and maintained.

How does the corpos lutuem continue to excist during pregnancy?

This is called the rescue of the corpus luteum and occurs as the result of signals/products from th embryo(s), this is the maternal recognition of pregnancy.

How does incubation of chicken eggs work?

Incubation can be done by the chicken or in an incubaor. For maximum hatching percentages the eggs ust be incubated within 7 days after being laid by the hen. Before and uring the temperature, humidity and aircomposition need specific settings. The eggs also need to be turned to make  sure that they stay mobile.

How does incubation work in fisheries?

Fertilised eggs are incubated in well-drained water in hatcheries. The time of hatching f these eggs is dependent on water temperature.

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