Environmental conflicts and defenders - Scheidel 2020
22 important questions on Environmental conflicts and defenders - Scheidel 2020
What are environmental defenders?
Who are included in environmental defenders?
What is the downside of activism?
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What can be improved regarding environmental conflicts?
What does the environmental Justice Atlas maps research?
How was the Environmental Justice Atlas database created?
Are environmental conflicts induced (afgeleid) by poverty or resource scarcity?
What is an environmental human rights defender?
Where did environmental defenders came from?
Expressions of direct violence against environmental defenders include:
· Structural violence (violence that is ingrained in the social, political and economic structures)
· Cultural violence (when cultural elements are used to legitimize violence)
· Slow violence (daily exposure to contamination from for example mining)
· Physical violence against activists
· Criminalization of environmental defenders
What is the result of limited coverage of areas by EJAtlas?
Most frequently reported sectors for environmental conflicts:
2. Energy (17%)
3. Biomass and land use (15%)
4. Water management (14%)
Which sector is mostly associated with assassinations (moorden)?
How many percent of environmental conflicts involve assassinations?
Which type of conflicts are mostly dominant in low-income countries?
Which conflicts are mostly dominant in high income countries?
What is the type of environmental conflict correlated with?
Groups involved with environmental conflict are:
- Political parties
- Trade unions (working class environmentalism)
- Religious groups (Christians groups, Buddhist monks)
- NGOs
- Local scientists (may help to legitimize local claims in the media)
- Women’s rights groups (ecofeminism)
- Indigenous groups
- Discriminated groups
- Farmers/fishers/peasants/pastoralists/etc.
- Industrial workers
When is it easiest to stop a protest?
What is tactical diversity?
What is a trade-off in case of renewables and conservation areas?
What is the reason that the corporate pressure to exploit (uitbuiten) indigenous (inheems) territories is high?
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