Accrual accounting

10 important questions on Accrual accounting

What are the 4 steps of a transaction?

1. Deal
2. Invoice
3. Payment
4. Delivery   
The order is not fixed though

What is the difference between expenses and costs?

An expense is an outflow of money, while costs do not necessarily require payment.

What are the 3 categories of the trial balance?

1. Deferrals
2. Accruals
3. Depreciations
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What are the 2 types of deferrals?

1. Deferred expense - asset, something that has been prepaid but not yet consumed
2. Deferred revenue - liability, receive money for service not yet performed

What are the 2 types of accruals?

1. Accrued expense - liability, made use of product but not paid for it yet
2. Accrued revenue - realising revenue which will only be paid at the end of a period

What are suspense accounts?

A temporary solution, which is suspended as soon as the revenue (or cost) has been realised. They include deferred expenses and revenues and accrued expenses and revenues

What 2 things do we use depreciation costs for?

1. Put them as costs on income statement, to influence the net result
2. We put them on the balance sheet, where we decrease the value of the machine by the depreciation cost

What is the debt ratio?

The ratio that indicates what percentage of equity consists of liabilities.

What are the 2 investment ratios?

1. Earnings per Share - how much profit is made per outstanding share, net income/shares outstanding
2. Price-Earnings ratio - how much investors are willing to pay for €1 profit, price per share/earnings per share

What are the 2 efficiency ratios?

1. Inventory turnover - how long it takes to turnover one inventory of stock, shows the pace in which products are sold, total operational costs/average inventory
2. Receivables turnover - indicates how many times a year a company receives money from credit accounts, sales revenue on credit/ average debtors

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