Packaging materials
18 important questions on Packaging materials
What are the 2 main substances in packaging materials that might migrate in the food?
What are the 2 main things taken into account with evaluating packaging materials?
- The level of migration
- The toxicity of migrating compounds
What are the tests you need to do for different types of migration? Exam
- only a 3 in vitro mutagenicity test
With intermediate levels of migration:
- a 3 in vitro mutagenicity test
- 90 days oral sub-chronic toxicity study
With high levels of migration:
- a 3 in vitro mutagenicity test
- 90 days oral sub-chronic toxicity study
- toxicokinetics, reproductive, chronic other toxicity studies
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Why do you only need to do a 3 in vitro mutagenicity test for low migration compounds?
Other toxic effect can not be caused by such a low amount of toxins.
What are the different classes of the threshold of toxicological concern?
- Class I: TTC 1800 mg/day low oral toxicity Structures does not raise a concern
- Class II: TTC 540 mg/day intermediate toxicity
- Class III: TTC 90 mg/day no initial presumption on safety or significant toxicity Structure might be reactive or toxic.
How did they get the values for the different classes in the TTC?
Then they took the value at which 5% of the data has its NOEL. They did this to be on the safe side.
This values became the TTC for the different groups.
What are the rules for 'safe' packaging materials?
Specific migration limits are set.
What factors influence the migration / leakage of packaging materials into the food?
What is the risk of primary aromatic amines (PAAs)?
The reason for this is that some monomers of the PAAs stay behind and are not included in the polymers. These monomers can migrate to the food and cause cancer.
What is the risk of butadien & acrylonitrile (plastic monomers)?
Butadiene: IARC group 1
Acrylonitrile: IARC group 2b
The reason for this is that some monomers of the plastic stay behind and are not included in the polymers. These monomers can migrate to the food and cause cancer.
What is the risk of tin (metal)?
The limit is 0.3 mg/kg bw/day
The short term effect is stomach upsets.
What is the risk of organo tin compounds (PVC stabilizers and catalysts)?
- Might cause endocrine disruptions (hormoonontregelaars)
- Immunotoxicity
Hoever it is well regulated and almost never we find values above the TDI in the food.
What is the risk of DIPN a compound in printing ink?
What is the risk of pe isopropyl thioxanthone (ITX) a compound in printing ink?
But introduced in the food chain due to packaging material that is roled up. So the ink is touching the inside during storage.
What is the risk of phthalate plasticizers?
It is toxic for testicles. However the level you obtain trough food is low. It is more important that the level you obtain other things stays low to.
There is not enough scientific data to do a complete risk assessment.
What is the risk of mineral oils MOSH and MOAH?
It is introduced in the food chain to recycles boxes in which the primary food products are packaged. This is due to printing.
Levels are above what should be taken and this is a reason of concern.
How can you ditermon if a product is safe if you only have a NOAEL or BMDL10 and a EDI and not a TDI?
(BMDL10)/(EDI)>10 000
If the values are below 100 and 10 000 you know that there is a health concern.
What is the risk of bispenol A (BPA) in food?
It is not mutagenic and also not carcinogenic but it can give hormonal disruptions.
The values that are found if the food chain are below the TDI.
However consumers are so afraid that risk managers decided to forbid it in france.
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