First Meditation

14 important questions on First Meditation

What does epoché lead to?

A disregard of all our 'positions', except for the unavoidable and absolute certainty that we have our conscious life itself while we reflect. This adds a higer level of consciousnes, uninfluenced by the beliefs that it clearly sees persisting in the natural attitude, i.e. The pre-reflective certainty in the reality of the world that thoroughly informs our everyday lives and all 'positive' sciences.

What does it mean that the point of the epoché is the 'transcendental reduction'?

Epoché= bracketing
transcendental reduction= the restrictions of our philosophical enquiries to the field of 'subjectivity'.

What is transcendental insight?

Whatever exists for me, exists for me thanks to my knowing consciousness; it is for me the experienced of my experiencing, the thought of my thinking, the theorized of my theorizing, the intellectually seen of my insight.
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What is it for consciousness to be 'transcendental'?

For it to constitute all of its objects

What does object mean in 'consciousness constituting objects'?

Gegen-stand; over against a cognizing subject. Meaning an entity becomes a object when it is cognized, i.e. Percieved etc. Before it was but a possible object.

What are the detailed tasks of phenomenology as 'constitutional research'?

Specifying what sorts of mental accomplishments are required to constitute various types of object: i.e., what sorts of processes are necessary and sufficient for various types of object to be given to consciousness.

Why can there be no experience, or generally consciousness, without objects?

Consciousness is essentially of objects, it is essentially characterized by 'intentionality'.

What is the aim of transcendental phenomonoly, which has a universal field of enquiry?

To tell the 'constitutional' story for any possible object of consciousness. I.e. To give an account of the subjective processes that suffice for any such object to be an object for one (this all is regarded as self-evident)

Why are the 'positive' sciences naïve?

They are wholly given over to a concern with entities within the world, with objects presumed to be real, it simply overlooks the functioning subjectivity in which alone such objects can arise, or in which they are constituted.

When is something (A intuition) self-given?

When a sense directly perceives it. This perceivement is the ultimate source of all rational assertions. This is that alone gives the 'things themselves'

What is the synthesis of identification?

When an empty act is 'fulfilled' by a self-given intuition.

Difference presentation and presentification or presentiation.

Presentation is self-given. Presentification or presentiation is empty, not confronted with the thing itself, like imagining and recalling.

What does "Phenomenology is chiefly a matter of 'sense-explication (and empty non-intuitional states are intrinsically objects of suspicion)'" mean?

Spelling out precisely the content, or sense, of our various conscious states and processes

Why apodicticity occur even in relation to self-evidences that are inadequate.

Past is inadequate but cannot be thought otherwise. Also 'I think' is knowable apodictically, but not adequately.

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