(Main lecture): Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
36 important questions on (Main lecture): Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
What are Obsessions in OCD according to the DSM-5?
- Not excessive worries about real-life issues, often unrealistic.
What are Compulsions in OCD as defined by the DSM-5?
- May not be directly related to the obsessional theme (e.g., counting).
What are the criteria for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) according to the DSM-5?
- They significantly interfere with daily functioning and social activities.
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How does one often feel after engaging in compulsions in OCD?
- Compulsions serve to reduce anxiety or distress.
How are compulsions described in the DSM-5 criteria for OCD?
- May not be directly related to obsessional themes.
What characterizes compulsions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?
- These can be unrelated to the content of obsessions.
How much time, on average, does a person with OCD spend on obsessions and compulsions daily?
- This significantly impacts their daily life.
Why are obsessions in OCD often referred to as intrusive in nature?
- These thoughts are often unrealistic and distressing.
How do obsessions and compulsions affect the daily routine of individuals with OCD?
- These impact social activities and relationships.
WHERE DOES OCD START?
- INTERPRETATION OF INTRUSION (believing they are true and meaningful)
- OBSESSIONAL (feeling they are true)
WHAT ARE INTRUSIONS IN OCD?
- Examples: impulse to jump out of a window, urge to let a baby fall
WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE INTERPRETATION OF INTRUSIONS IN OCD?
- Thinking "I must be a horrible person" in response to an intrusion
WHEN DO INTRUSIONS BECOME A PROBLEM IN OCD?
- Even if not entirely convinced, still have a feeling they are true
ARE INTRUSIONS ABNORMAL IN PEOPLE WITHOUT OCD?
- Research shows common occurrence in college students without OCD
What are some areas where OCD can manifest?
- Violence
- Death
- Accidents
- Sexual
- Religion
- Organizing
What is an example of contamination fear in OCD?
- Compulsion: washing hands, avoiding touching things
What is an example of sexual obsessions in OCD?
- Compulsions: mental shouting "stop," repeating mantras
What is a characteristic of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?
- Harder to treat, less effective medical treatment
What is a characteristic of Hoarding Disorder?
- More common in the elderly
What is Trichotillomania characterized by?
- Treatment is possible but relapse is common
What type of obsessions can occur in OCD related to sexuality?
- Sexual activities
- Thoughts of abusing children
How can Body Dysmorphic Disorder be different from other types of OCD for treatment?
- Less effective medical treatments
What can contribute to the commonality of Hoarding Disorder in the elderly population?
- Ability to accumulate more possessions
What is a challenge for plastic surgeons when dealing with clients with Body Dysmorphic Disorder?
- The desire for surgery based on appearance concerns
How can Trichotillomania manifest in extreme cases?
- Even pulling out hair of acquired wigs
What is a notable characteristic of ordering compulsions in OCD?
- Obsessive need for specific order
How can covert compulsions impact the treatment of OCD?
- Covert compulsions can be challenging to recognize
How to differentiate Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) from Illness Anxiety Disorder?
• Fear of GETTING or PREVENTING A DISEASE in OCD.
What distinguishes OCD from Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
What are some characteristics that help in distinguishing OCD from Depression?
How is Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCP) different from OCD?
How are compulsions typically seen in Depression?
What can a stimulus or trigger cause in the cognitive behavioral model?
- This can lead to distress or anxiety.
What behaviors are used to lower fear levels in response to distress/anxiety in the cognitive behavioral model?
- Safety behaviors may be employed, such as eating crisps with a fork.
According to the cognitive behavioral model, what is a temporary relief from anxiety or distress?
- This provides temporary relief from anxiety or distress but reinforces the behavior.
What is an example of avoidance as a safety behavior in the cognitive behavioral model?
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