Moderation and mediation
24 important questions on Moderation and mediation
When do we speak of a moderation?
How can you see from the graphs whether a variable is a moderator or not?
- categorical: If the graph of people who have the moderator is equal to the people who don't have the moderator
- continuous: if the graph of the relationship is equal on all levels of the moderator.
How can you statistically test whether a variable is a moderator?
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Describe the regression formula with a moderator.
In spss, what can you see in the table conditional effects?
How do you check the assumption of a moderation analysis?
How do you run a moderation analysis in spss?
- Analyze -> Regression -> Process
- Outcome: Afhankelijke variabele
Independent: Onafhankelijke variabele
M variable(s): Moderator variabele - Model number: 1
- Mean center for products
- Heteroscedasticity
- OLS/ML confidence intervals
- Generate data for plotting
- Mean center for products
- Options – Vink aan:
- Conditioning – Vink de ‘Johnson-Neyman’ aan
- Paste, run syntax
How do you check whether there's a moderation effect?
- Check model summary
- check on int_1;
- if this is significant, there is a moderation effect.
What is the difference between a moderation effect and a mediation effect?
- Moderator: influences the relationship between X and Y, there is an interaction effect between moderator and X
- Mediator: causes an indirect influence of X on Y, so X influences Y through the mediator while also influencing Y directly.
What happens to the direct effect and indirect effect of a model when there is moderation?
- The indirect effect will be larger once the moderator is included
- the direct effect will be reduced or even be zero when the moderator is included, because the moderator is the reason that the relationship between X and Y is present.
How can you tell in spss whether mediation is present?
if the confidence intervals don't contain 0, there is a significant mediation
What are the assumptions of a mediator analysis?
How do you check for multicollinearity in a mediation analysis?
When making a general linear model with a categorical predictor, how do you put the different groups in the model?
What does a general linear model look like for a categorical predictor?
What is bo in a glm with a categorical predictor?
What does the t-test in a regression with a categorical predictor with two categories test?
How do we call a variable that changes the size or even the direction of a relation between two variables?
Why do you perform grand mean centering on the b's in a model?
- The b's represent relationship between their variable and the dependent variable when the other variables are zero.
- normally this isn't a problem unless a variable being 0 is not possible (e.g. Heart rate)
- 0 not being an option is the case of an interaction (moderator)
- so the b's of main predictors aren't interpretable if an interaction is present.
- to make them interpretable you grand mean centre the predictors.
What is grand mean centering?
What does the johnson-neyman table tell us?
What does the data table for the scatterplot mean?
What is the formula for regression with a moderator?
What is the formula of calculating the ratio of indirect effect size to total effect size, or indirect effect size?
- indirect effect size/total effect size
- indirect effect size/direct effect size
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