Insomnia and narcolepsy

10 important questions on Insomnia and narcolepsy

Inadequate sleep hygiene factors

* lack of habitual bedtime and waking time
* varied behaviours prior going to bed
* varying food, alcohol and drug ingestion

best Rx = regular living habits and reduction of drugs

Hypnotic dependent sleep disorder

insomnia or excessive sleepiness that is caused by tolerance to or withdrawal from hypnotic medications

Stimulatn dependent sleep disorder

Prevention of sleep by CNS stimulants and resulting sleep problems following abstinence from the drug(s)
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Alcohol dependent sleep disorder

Use of alcohol to induce sleep onset. Results in REM sleep supression during the first half of the night (increases awakenings and causes premature arousal) 

Insomnia due to medical condition

* dementia (loss of memory / frequent awakenings / problems with sleep maintenane)
* Fatal familian insomnia 

Fatal familial insomnia (FFI)

Presents with difficulty initiating sleep.
within a few months there is a total lack of sleep.
in later stages of the disorder, there are motor disturbances and loss of weight.
Eventually unarousable coma.

FFI = inherited
SFI = spontaneously (Sporadic fatal insomnia)

Enviromental sleep disorder

due to disturbing environmental factor(s) such as heat, cold, light, noise ect. 

Klein- levine syndrome

- onset usually in early adolescence
- patients are more often male than female
- patients sleep 18-20 hours a day
- when awake, patients often engages in binge-eating, goes to the bathroom and returns to sleep
- Deep SWS is reduced

this disorder improves spontaneaously

Behaviorally indued insufficient sleep syndrome

Voluntary, but unintentional failure to get enough sleep produces effects of sleep deprivation.

Problems Barbiturates (sleep promoting drugs)

* drowsiness after-effect
* addiction
* over-dosage

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