Summary: Soil-Plant Interactions
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1 Overview S-P interactions
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Soil physical variables
Soil texture, structure and pore size
pF curve
Conductance water, heat & gasses
Mechanical resistance to root growth -
Chemical physical variables
Types and concentrations of ions
pH
CEC (capacity to for binding H+ or HO-)
Degree of buffering (Change of pH of one amount of acid) -
soil biological variables
Composition of soil biota
Activity of soil biota -
2 Soil basic concepts
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Soil forming factors
Climate: Temerature, humidity. Higher -> reactions goes faster
Organims: Trees break down rocks due searching to water. Biota are producing organic acid and organic matter. Plant will grow what will reduce erosion.
Relief: Materials from a high slope will be transported by water to a lower slope.
Parent material: Difference in parent material will give difference in minerals.
Time: Time the material is exposed to atmospheric air. -
Soil forming processes
Transformation: wheatering material or decomposing OM
Additions: OM and dust
Deletion: leaching or erosion-> losses
Transporting: Moving material within the horizon -
What will change pH
Decreasing:
Respiration: CO2 + H2O-> H2CO3-> H + HCO3
Decomposing OM: R-COOH -> R-COO + H
Nitrification: NH4 + 2O2 -> 2H + H2O + NO3
Increasing: CaCO3 -> Ca + CO3 -> CO3 + H -> HCO3 -
3 Water
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Dry bulk density
Dried bulk/ Volume undried soil or Mass solid/Volume -
Particle density (ps)
Mass solid/ Volume solid -
Matric potential or pressure potential
Pressure of water at that spot -
Why is the water flowing to the shoot
Because the water potential is lower in the atmospheric air
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